Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Aggression01:47

Aggression

27.8K
Humans engage in aggression when they seek to cause harm or pain to another person. Aggression takes two forms depending on one’s motives: hostile or instrumental. Hostile aggression is motivated by feelings of anger with intent to cause pain; a fight in a bar with a stranger is an example of hostile aggression. In contrast, instrumental aggression is motivated by achieving a goal and does not necessarily involve intent to cause pain (Berkowitz, 1993); a contract killer who murders for...
27.8K
Secondary Motives: Affiliation Motivation and Aggression Motivation01:21

Secondary Motives: Affiliation Motivation and Aggression Motivation

343
Affiliation motivation is the intrinsic desire to connect with others and belong to a social group, which plays a crucial role in forming and maintaining personal relationships. This type of motivation is essential for psychological well-being, as it provides individuals with a sense of community and support. An example of this is a student who joins a study group in order to feel a sense of connection. People with high affiliation motivation actively seek social approval, take satisfaction in...
343
Bullying02:04

Bullying

8.4K
A modern form of aggression is bullying. As you learn in your study of child development, socializing and playing with other children is beneficial for children’s psychological development. However, as you may have experienced as a child, not all play behavior has positive outcomes. Some children are aggressive and want to play roughly. Other children are selfish and do not want to share toys. One form of negative social interactions among children that has become a national concern is...
8.4K
Group Design02:01

Group Design

8.9K
The most basic experimental design involves two groups: the experimental group and the control group. The two groups are designed to be the same except for one difference— experimental manipulation. The experimental group gets the experimental manipulation—that is, the treatment or variable being tested—and the control group does not. Since experimental manipulation is the only difference between the experimental and control groups, we can be sure that any differences between...
8.9K
Conduct Disorder01:28

Conduct Disorder

37
Conduct disorder is a complex mental health diagnosis characterized by a repetitive and persistent pattern of behavior that violates societal norms, the rights of others, or age-appropriate rules. The diagnostic criteria for conduct disorder require the presence of at least three problematic behaviors within the past 12 months, with at least one occurring in the past six months. These behaviors are grouped into four categories: aggression toward people and animals; destruction of property;...
37
Attribution Theory00:56

Attribution Theory

13.0K
Behavior is a product of both the situation (e.g., cultural influences, social roles, and the presence of bystanders) and of the person (e.g., personality characteristics). Subfields of psychology tend to focus on one influence or behavior over others. Situationism is the view that our behavior and actions are determined by our immediate environment and surroundings. In contrast, dispositionism holds that our behavior is determined by internal factors (Heider, 1958).
13.0K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

It is past time to abandon the term "dark" as a descriptor of antagonistic traits.

Journal of psychopathology and clinical science·2025
Same author

The structure of aggressive personality.

Journal of personality·2023
Same author

Interactive effects of mindfulness and negative urgency on intimate partner aggression perpetration.

Aggressive behavior·2023
Same author

Development of a measure of aggressive behavior expectancies in adults: The Aggression Expectancy Questionnaire.

Aggressive behavior·2023
Same author

Neural mechanisms of intergroup exclusion and retaliatory aggression.

Social neuroscience·2022
Same author

The tangled webs we wreak: Examining the structure of aggressive personality using psychometric networks.

Journal of personality·2021
Same journal

The Bidirectional Relationship Between Bullying Perpetration/Victimization and Peer Relationships: Evidence From a Weekly Diary Method.

Aggressive behavior·2026
Same journal

Online Media Characteristics of Cyberbullying: A Meta-Analysis.

Aggressive behavior·2026
Same journal

"It Was Like They'd Lit a Fuse": A Mixed-Methods Investigation Into Rage.

Aggressive behavior·2026
Same journal

The Independent and Combined Roles of Attentional and Interpretative Biases in Antisocial Behavior, Trait Aggression and Aggressive Responses Under Provocation.

Aggressive behavior·2026
Same journal

Analytical Robustness and Competing Interpretations in Violent Video Game Research: A Response to Teng and Bushman's (2026) Reanalysis of Lacko et al. (2024).

Aggressive behavior·2026
Same journal

When Anonymity Fades: Continued Impact of an Intervention Targeting Emerging Adult Cyberbullying.

Aggressive behavior·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 11, 2025

The Resident-intruder Paradigm: A Standardized Test for Aggression, Violence and Social Stress
09:12

The Resident-intruder Paradigm: A Standardized Test for Aggression, Violence and Social Stress

Published on: July 4, 2013

70.9K

Aggression by omission: Redefining and measuring an understudied construct.

Drew M Parton1, David S Chester1

  • 1Department of Psychology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA.

Aggressive Behavior
|November 14, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers propose renaming passive aggression to aggression by omission (ABO). Studies show ABO and aggression by commission (ABC) are similar in nomological networks and equally affected by provocation.

Keywords:
aggressionantagonismintegrative data analysispassive aggression

More Related Videos

Peering into the Dynamics of Social Interactions: Measuring Play Fighting in Rats
15:01

Peering into the Dynamics of Social Interactions: Measuring Play Fighting in Rats

Published on: January 18, 2013

15.4K
Author Spotlight: Exploring Autism Spectrum Disorder Symptoms in Fruit Flies — Genetic Models and Behavioral Tests
08:30

Author Spotlight: Exploring Autism Spectrum Disorder Symptoms in Fruit Flies — Genetic Models and Behavioral Tests

Published on: September 6, 2024

1.7K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 11, 2025

The Resident-intruder Paradigm: A Standardized Test for Aggression, Violence and Social Stress
09:12

The Resident-intruder Paradigm: A Standardized Test for Aggression, Violence and Social Stress

Published on: July 4, 2013

70.9K
Peering into the Dynamics of Social Interactions: Measuring Play Fighting in Rats
15:01

Peering into the Dynamics of Social Interactions: Measuring Play Fighting in Rats

Published on: January 18, 2013

15.4K
Author Spotlight: Exploring Autism Spectrum Disorder Symptoms in Fruit Flies — Genetic Models and Behavioral Tests
08:30

Author Spotlight: Exploring Autism Spectrum Disorder Symptoms in Fruit Flies — Genetic Models and Behavioral Tests

Published on: September 6, 2024

1.7K

Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Social Psychology
  • Aggression Research

Background:

  • Aggression research traditionally focuses on active aggression (aggression by commission, ABC).
  • Passive aggression, defined as deliberate harm through withholding behavior, has been understudied and its definition has evolved.
  • The original concept of passive aggression requires re-examination.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To re-examine passive aggression as originally defined: the deliberate withholding of behavior to cause harm.
  • To rename this construct aggression by omission (ABO) and contrast it with aggression by commission (ABC).
  • To investigate the nomological network and provocation effects of ABO compared to ABC.

Main Methods:

  • Two studies (N=196, N=220) were conducted to examine passive aggression (ABO).
  • Participants' responses were assessed in relation to antagonism, sadism, and trait aggression.
  • Study 2 specifically examined the effects of provocation on both ABO and ABC.

Main Results:

  • Both aggression by omission (ABO) and aggression by commission (ABC) fit within a similar nomological network including antagonism, sadism, and trait aggression.
  • Study 2 indicated that both ABO and ABC were equally affected by provocation.
  • Participants perceived both forms of aggression as equally harmful.

Conclusions:

  • The findings support the re-conceptualization of passive aggression as aggression by omission (ABO).
  • Further research is encouraged to concretely capture the construct of ABO.
  • Future studies should integrate ABO into common aggression paradigms and trait aggression scales, which currently focus on ABC.