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High performance sensor based on phase difference induced quasi-BIC and Fermi energy.

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    We demonstrate a novel dielectric corrugated structure with graphene that supports bound states in the continuum (BIC). Tuning the structure enables ultrahigh Q-factors and high-performance sensing applications.

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    Area of Science:

    • Photonics and optical metamaterials
    • Condensed matter physics
    • Nanotechnology

    Background:

    • Bound states in the continuum (BIC) are exotic electromagnetic field states with infinite quality factors.
    • Graphene's tunable electronic properties offer unique opportunities for manipulating optical phenomena.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate a dielectric corrugated structure integrated with graphene for supporting and controlling bound states in the continuum (BIC).
    • To explore the tunability of BIC states through structural modifications and graphene's Fermi energy.
    • To demonstrate the potential of this structure for high-performance sensing applications.

    Main Methods:

    • Theoretical modeling and simulation of a dielectric corrugated structure.
    • Integration of two monolayer graphene sheets on the dielectric grating.
    • Analysis of the structure's optical response, including quality factor (Q-factor) and spectral line characteristics.
    • Investigation of the effect of phase difference and graphene Fermi energy on BIC states.
    • Introduction of a sensing medium to evaluate sensor performance.

    Main Results:

    • The proposed structure supports bound states in the continuum (BIC).
    • Breaking the structure's symmetry by introducing a phase difference transforms BIC into quasi-BIC.
    • Graphene's Fermi energy significantly influences the spectral line of the quasi-BIC.
    • Ultrahigh Q-factors are achievable by controlling the phase difference and Fermi energy.
    • A high-performance sensor is realized by introducing a sensing medium.

    Conclusions:

    • The dielectric corrugated structure with graphene offers a versatile platform for controlling BIC states.
    • The tunability of quasi-BIC through phase difference and Fermi energy is demonstrated.
    • The structure exhibits significant potential for developing advanced optical sensors with ultrahigh sensitivity.