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The in vivo and in vitro protein quality of three hemp protein sources

Matthew G Nosworthy1,2, Adam Franczyk1, Jason Neufeld1

  • 1Department of Food and Human Nutritional Sciences University of Manitoba Winnipeg Manitoba Canada.

Food Science & Nutrition
|November 16, 2023
PubMed

Insights

This study assessed hemp protein quality using rodent bioassays and amino acid analysis. In vitro methods correlated well with in vivo protein digestibility-corrected amino acid scores, indicating their potential for evaluating hemp protein nutritional value.

Area of Science:

  • Nutritional Science
  • Food Science
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Hemp seeds are a valuable source of plant-based protein.
  • Assessing protein quality is crucial for understanding nutritional value.
  • Standardized methods are needed for reliable protein quality evaluation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the protein quality of defatted hemp hearts and protein-enriched hemp fractions.
  • To compare in vivo and in vitro methods for assessing protein digestibility and quality.
  • To evaluate the amino acid composition of hemp protein sources.

Main Methods:

  • Rodent bioassay for growth and protein digestibility (in vivo).
  • High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) for amino acid analysis.
  • In vitro protein digestibility assay to generate an in vitro protein quality score.

Main Results:

  • Hemp protein 2 showed significantly lower true protein digestibility than defatted hemp hearts or hemp protein 1.
  • No significant relationship was found between in vivo and in vitro protein digestibility measurements.
  • A strong correlation was observed between in vivo and in vitro protein digestibility-corrected amino acid scores (PDCAAS).
  • Hemp protein 1 had a significantly lower protein efficiency ratio compared to defatted hemp hearts and hemp protein 2.

Conclusions:

  • Hemp protein sources possess significant nutritional capacity.
  • In vitro methods show promise for accurately predicting in vivo protein digestibility-corrected amino acid scores.
  • Further research can refine in vitro assays for reliable hemp protein quality assessment.

Keywords:
hemphemp heartsprotein concentrateprotein digestibility corrected amino acid scoreprotein efficiency ratioprotein isolate

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