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Cushing's syndrome.

Mônica Gadelha1, Federico Gatto2, Luiz Eduardo Wildemberg3

  • 1Endocrine Unit and Neuroendocrinology Research Center, Medical School and Hospital Universitário Clementino Fraga Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Neuroendocrine Unit, Secretaria Estadual de Saúde, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Secretaria Estadual de Saúde, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Instituto Estadual do Cérebro Paulo Niemeyer, Secretaria Estadual de Saúde, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Endogenous Cushing's syndrome, caused by excess glucocorticoids, presents diagnostic and management challenges. This review updates key aspects of diagnosis, complications, and treatment for improved patient outcomes.

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Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Internal Medicine
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Endogenous Cushing's syndrome (CS) is characterized by excess endogenous glucocorticoid secretion.
  • It leads to diverse clinical issues, comorbidities, and elevated mortality, even with treatment.
  • Despite advances, diagnosis and management of CS remain complex.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide an updated overview of endogenous Cushing's syndrome.
  • To cover crucial aspects of diagnosis, associated complications, and current treatment strategies.
  • To emphasize the importance of timely intervention for mitigating long-term health issues.

Main Methods:

  • Review of recent literature on molecular mechanisms and genetic alterations in CS.
  • Evaluation of advancements in diagnostic imaging and biochemical testing.
  • Analysis of current surgical and medical therapeutic options.

Main Results:

  • Significant progress in understanding molecular pathways and genetic underpinnings of CS.
  • Enhanced diagnostic accuracy through improved imaging and biochemical assays.
  • Development of novel medical therapies alongside established surgical approaches.

Conclusions:

  • Accurate and prompt diagnosis of endogenous CS is critical.
  • Effective management requires a multidisciplinary approach, integrating surgery and advanced medical therapies.
  • Addressing persistent comorbidities is essential for improving long-term quality of life in patients with CS.