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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 8, 2026

Intermediate Strain Rate Material Characterization with Digital Image Correlation

Intermediate Strain Rate Material Characterization with Digital Image Correlation

Published on: March 1, 2019

Breaking the photoswitch speed limit.

Grace C Thaggard¹, Kyoung Chul Park¹, Jaewoong Lim¹

¹Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina, 29208, USA.

Nature Communications

|November 21, 2023

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers achieved a ~1000x switching speed enhancement for photochromic molecules in the solid state by confining them. This breakthrough in photoisomerization rates paves the way for advanced materials with rapid switching capabilities.

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Area of Science:

Materials Science
Photochemistry
Solid-State Chemistry

Background:

Advanced materials require rapid switching between solid-state forms.
Photochromic molecules are key to such materials but are often slow in the solid state.
Controlling the molecular environment is crucial for tailoring photoisomerization rates.

Purpose of the Study:

To significantly enhance the switching speed of photochromic molecules in the solid state.
To demonstrate a novel method for engineering the photoresponsive moiety environment.
To set a new benchmark for photochromic compound switching rates.

Main Methods:

Utilized sterically-demanding spiropyran derivatives.
Integrated photochromic molecules within a solvent-free confined space.
Engineered the molecular environment to control photoisomerization.
Incorporated dual photochromic moieties within a single framework.

Main Results:

Achieved approximately 1000-fold switching enhancement in the solid state compared to solution.
Established a new record for switching speed in photochromic compounds.
Demonstrated tunable switching rates and complementary optical profiles using dual moieties.
Uncovered a new pathway for rapid interstate photoisomerization.

Conclusions:

Confined environments dramatically accelerate solid-state photochromic switching.
This approach enables the design of next-generation responsive materials.
Dual photochromic systems offer precise control over optical properties and switching dynamics.