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Related Concept Videos

Immunodeficiency Diseases01:25

Immunodeficiency Diseases

948
Immunodeficiency disorders are conditions in which the immune system's ability to fight infectious disease and cancer is compromised or entirely absent. The immune system comprises a complex network of cells, tissues, and organs that work together to protect the body from potentially harmful invaders. When this system is deficient or not functioning properly, it leaves the body susceptible to infections, diseases, or other complications.
There are three main causes of immunodeficiency...
948

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Dynamic Imaging of Chimeric Antigen Receptor T Cells with [18F]Tetrafluoroborate Positron Emission Tomography/Computed Tomography
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Infectious complications among CD19 CAR-T cell therapy recipients: A single-center experience.

Bryan Walker1, Andrea J Zimmer1, Erica J Stohs1

  • 1Division of Infectious Disease, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, USA.

Transplant Infectious Disease : an Official Journal of the Transplantation Society
|November 21, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Infections are common after CD19 CAR-T cell therapy, occurring beyond the first year. Further studies are needed to optimize antimicrobial prophylaxis for patients receiving this lymphoma treatment.

Keywords:
CD19 CAR-T cell therapychimeric antigen receptorinfectious complications

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A Syngeneic Mouse B-Cell Lymphoma Model for Pre-Clinical Evaluation of CD19 CAR T Cells
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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Immunology
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • CD19 chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cell therapy is effective for refractory or relapsed lymphoma.
  • This therapy carries risks of toxic adverse effects and increased infection susceptibility.
  • Optimal antimicrobial prophylaxis strategies require further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the incidence and characteristics of infectious complications in patients undergoing CD19 CAR-T cell therapy.
  • To identify potential risk factors associated with these infections.
  • To inform future antimicrobial prophylaxis guidelines.

Main Methods:

  • A single-center retrospective cohort study was conducted.
  • Data were extracted from electronic health records of patients treated between April 2018 and December 2020.
  • Patient characteristics and clinical outcomes, including infections, were analyzed.

Main Results:

  • 36% of patients (18/50) experienced infectious complications, with a median onset of 225 days.
  • Bacterial infections were most frequent, followed by viral and fungal infections.
  • 54.8% of infections were severe, and 6% of patients died from infection.

Conclusions:

  • Infections are a significant concern following CD19 CAR-T cell therapy, extending beyond the first year post-treatment.
  • No specific patient characteristics were found to be statistically significant risk factors for infection.
  • Multicenter studies are essential to define risks and optimize antimicrobial prophylaxis.