[Anabolic steroids and sports]

Anabolic steroids are derivatives of androgens with less androgenic and stronger anabolic actions. They should be used for therapeutic indications only. Their misuse to improve physical performance is unethical (doping), illegal and of doubtful pharmacological value. Together with intense muscular exercise and high-protein diet, anabolics due to their anabolic and anti-catabolic actions possibly increase physical performance and enhance recovery in athletes where added strength is a great advantage. In most sport disciplines a beneficial effect has not been demonstrated. Like all active drugs, anabolics can cause side-effects. They depend on structure, dosage and duration of administration. The misuse by athletes of high doses during long periods should be a particular motivation for doctors, teachers and coaches to discourage athletes from using anabolic drugs. The dangers of overdosing and long-term use are emphasized, search for untoward side- and after- effects by regular and careful controls is recommended.