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Photoluminescence: Applications01:14

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Photoluminescence offers a wide range of applications due to its inherent sensitivity and selectivity. This technique allows for both direct and indirect analyses of the analyte. Direct quantitative analysis is possible when the analyte exhibits a favorable quantum yield for fluorescence or phosphorescence. However, an indirect analysis may be feasible if the analyte is not fluorescent or phosphorescent, or if the quantum yield is unfavorable. Indirect methods include reacting the analyte with...
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Fluorometers and spectrofluorometers are two types of instruments used for measuring molecular fluorescence. These instruments differ in how they select excitation and emission wavelengths and the type of light sources they utilize. Fluorometers use absorption interference filters to choose excitation and emission wavelengths. The excitation source in a fluorometer is typically a low-pressure mercury vapor lamp that emits intense lines distributed throughout the ultraviolet and visible regions.
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Variables Affecting Phosphorescence and Fluorescence01:26

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Fluorescence and phosphorescence are essential phenomena in fields like analytical chemistry, biological imaging, and materials science, where they detect molecular properties and visualize cellular structures. Understanding the variables that influence these luminescent behaviors is crucial for maximizing accuracy and efficiency in their applications. These variables can broadly be grouped into chemical structure, solvent properties, and external conditions, each playing a distinct role in...
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A Bright NIR-II Fluorescence Probe for Vascular and Tumor Imaging
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Molecularly Engineered Room-Temperature Phosphorescence for Biomedical Application: From the Visible toward Second

Baisong Chang1, Jie Chen1, Jiasheng Bao1

  • 1State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China.

Chemical Reviews
|November 22, 2023
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Summary

Room-temperature phosphorescence (RTP) probes offer long lifetimes for improved biomedical imaging. This review explores molecular engineering for RTP probes emitting from visible to near-infrared II (NIR-II) wavelengths, enhancing imaging performance.

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Imaging
  • Materials Science
  • Photophysics

Background:

  • Phosphorescence offers longer luminescent lifetimes than autofluorescence, valuable for biomedical applications.
  • Imaging metrics like sensitivity, resolution, and penetration depth improve with longer wavelengths, particularly in the second near-infrared (NIR-II) window (1000-1700 nm).
  • The optimal development strategy for phosphorescent probes, considering both emission wavelength and long lifetimes, requires careful consideration for bioimaging.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review emerging molecular engineering methods for room-temperature phosphorescence (RTP) probes.
  • To discuss the photophysical mechanisms underlying RTP development.
  • To highlight the role of RTP emission across visible to NIR-II windows for bioapplications.

Main Methods:

  • Review of molecular engineering strategies for RTP probe development.
  • Analysis of photophysical mechanisms influencing phosphorescence properties.
  • Evaluation of RTP probe performance across different spectral regions (visible to NIR-II).

Main Results:

  • Long-lived probes, even with visible emission, enable visualization of deep tissues.
  • Long-wavelength phosphorescence, combined with long lifetimes, significantly enhances spatiotemporal resolution, penetration depth, and sensitivity for bioimaging.
  • Emerging RTP probes demonstrate potential across visible to NIR-II wavelengths for diverse bioimaging tasks.

Conclusions:

  • Molecular engineering provides pathways to develop RTP probes with tailored photophysical properties.
  • Optimizing both emission wavelength and luminescence lifetime is crucial for advancing bioimaging capabilities.
  • RTP holds significant promise for future biomedical applications, with ongoing challenges and prospects in its development and utilization.