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Per-ARNT-Sim (PAS) Domains in Basic Helix-Loop-Helix (bHLH)-PAS Transcription Factors and Coactivators: Structures
Nicolas Daffern1, Ishwar Radhakrishnan1
1Department of Molecular Biosciences, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA.
Abstract:
PAS domains are ubiquitous in biology. They perform critically important roles in sensing and transducing a wide variety of environmental signals, and through their ability to bind small-molecule ligands, have emerged as targets for therapeutic intervention. Here, we discuss our current understanding of PAS domain structure and function in the context of basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH)-PAS transcription factors and coactivators. Unlike the bHLH-PAS domains of transcription factors, those of the steroid receptor coactivator (SRC) family are poorly characterized. Recent progress for this family and for the broader bHLH-PAS proteins suggest that these domains are ripe for deeper structural and functional studies.
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