Guideline for modeling solid-liquid adsorption: Kinetics, isotherm, fixed bed, and thermodynamics

Area of Science:

• Environmental Science
• Chemical Engineering
• Materials Science

Background:

• Adsorption is a cost-effective method for removing liquid-phase contaminants.
• Accurate modeling is crucial for understanding adsorption mechanisms.
• Literature often contains errors in model selection and parameter analysis.

Purpose of the Study:

• To establish guidelines for the correct application of adsorption kinetic, isotherm, and fixed-bed models.
• To address and rectify common modeling errors in adsorption research.
• To enhance the reliability of adsorption studies.

Main Methods:

• Comprehensive review of over 45 kinetic, 70 isotherm, and 45 fixed-bed models.
• Classification of models based on adsorption mechanisms.
• Discussion of model assumptions, physical meanings, and interrelationships.
• Summary of methods for calculating site energy distribution.

Main Results:

• A systematic classification of numerous adsorption models.
• Identification of common pitfalls in model application and parameter analysis.
• Provision of five approaches for modifying fixed-bed models.
• Detailed discussion on model validity using information criteria.

Conclusions:

• Proper model selection and analysis are essential for accurate adsorption studies.
• The guidelines provided will aid researchers in avoiding common errors.
• This work contributes to a clearer understanding of adsorption phenomena and mechanisms.