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Related Concept Videos

Autoimmune Disorders01:29

Autoimmune Disorders

449
Autoimmune diseases are a group of disorders in which the body's immune system mistakenly attacks its own cells, tissues, and organs. This results from an overactive immune response against substances and tissues normally present in the body. Let's delve into the concept and mechanism of autoimmune diseases from an immune system point of view, explore different causes and examples of such diseases, and discuss potential solutions.
Concept and Mechanism of Autoimmune Diseases
The immune...
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T Cell Types and Functions01:24

T Cell Types and Functions

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When T cells with CD4 markers are activated, they give rise to two types of effector cells: helper T cells and regulatory T cells. Meanwhile, T cells with CD8 markers differentiate into effector cytotoxic T cells. The differentiation of CD4 T cells into helper T cell subsets, such as Th1, Th2, and Th17 cells, is dependent on the antigen type, antigen-presenting cell, and regulatory cytokines.
Th1 cells stimulate dendritic cells to express necessary co-stimulatory molecules on their surfaces for...
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Enzyme-linked Receptors01:00

Enzyme-linked Receptors

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Enzyme-linked receptors are proteins that act as both receptor and enzyme, activating multiple intracellular signals. This is a large group of receptors that include the receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) family. Many growth factors and hormones bind to and activate the RTKs.
Neurotrophin (NT) receptors are a family of RTKs, including trkA, trkB, and trkC (tropomyosin-related kinase) receptors. TrkA is specific for nerve growth factor (NGF), neurotrophin-6, and neurotrophin-7. TrkB binds...
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Neurogenesis and Regeneration of Nervous Tissue01:15

Neurogenesis and Regeneration of Nervous Tissue

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In the CNS, neurogenesis, the birth of new neurons from stem cells, is limited to the hippocampus in adults. In other regions of the brain and spinal cord, neurogenesis is almost non-existent due to inhibitory influences from neuroglia, especially oligodendrocytes, and the absence of growth-stimulating cues. The myelin produced by oligodendrocytes in the CNS inhibits neuronal regeneration. Furthermore, astrocytes proliferate rapidly after neuronal damage, forming scar tissue that physically...
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Mitogens and the Cell Cycle02:38

Mitogens and the Cell Cycle

6.5K
Mitogens and their receptors play a crucial role in controlling the progression of the cell cycle. However, the loss of mitogenic control over cell division leads to tumor formation. Therefore, mitogens and mitogen receptors play an important role in cancer research. For instance, the epidermal growth factor (EGF) - a type of mitogen and its transmembrane receptor (EGFR), decides the fate of the cell's proliferation. When EGF binds to EGFR, a member of the ErbB family of tyrosine kinase...
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Correction: Mesentier-Louro et al. Time-Dependent Nerve Growth Factor Signaling Changes in the Rat Retina During Optic Nerve Crush-Induced Degeneration of Retinal Ganglion Cells. <i>Int. J. Mol. Sci.</i> 2017, <i>18</i>, 98.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 10, 2025

Analyzing Murine Schwann Cell Development Along Growing Axons
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Nerve Growth Factor and Autoimmune Diseases.

Sergio Terracina1, Giampiero Ferraguti1, Luigi Tarani2

  • 1Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy.

Current Issues in Molecular Biology
|November 24, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Nerve growth factor (NGF) significantly impacts immune responses and is implicated in various autoimmune diseases. Monitoring NGF levels may help predict disease severity and treatment effectiveness.

Keywords:
NGFarthritisautoimmune thyroiditisautoimmunitymastocytosismultiple sclerosisneurotrophinssystemic lupus erythematosus

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Neuroscience
  • Pathology

Background:

  • Nerve growth factor (NGF) exhibits significant immunomodulatory functions.
  • Elevated NGF levels are observed in tissues during autoimmune conditions.
  • NGF influences both innate and adaptive immune cells, including B and T lymphocytes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the role of NGF in the pathogenesis of immune-mediated diseases.
  • To investigate NGF as a potential biomarker for disease severity and therapeutic response.
  • To understand NGF's interaction with immune cells for targeted therapy development.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on NGF's role in autoimmune diseases.
  • Analysis of studies linking NGF levels to disease pathogenesis and severity.
  • Exploration of NGF's mechanisms in modulating immune cell function.

Main Results:

  • NGF is implicated in the pathogenesis of autoimmune thyroiditis, arthritis, multiple sclerosis, lupus erythematosus, mastocytosis, and chronic granulomatous disease.
  • NGF levels correlate with disease severity in several immune disorders.
  • NGF modulates immune cell activity and neurotransmitter release in inflamed tissues.

Conclusions:

  • NGF is a key player in neuro-immune interactions relevant to autoimmune diseases.
  • NGF serves as a potential early biomarker for assessing therapeutic efficacy.
  • Targeted therapies based on NGF manipulation offer promise for treating neurological and immunological disorders.