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Related Concept Videos

Clinical Applications of Epidermal Stem Cells01:19

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Epidermal stem cells (EpiSCs) are mainly located at the basal layer of the epidermis. These cells repair minor injuries of the skin and replace dead skin cells. However, EpiSCs’ cannot heal severe wounds such as major burns or those from diabetes or hereditary disorders. In such cases, culturing the epidermal stem cells from the patient is possible and has yielded successful treatment options, such as laboratory-grown skin grafts. These grafts are synthesized using a patient’s own...
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Following injury, the integrity of the injured tissues must be reestablished. For example, in skin tissue, wound repair involves coordination among resident skin cells, blood mononuclear cells, extracellular matrix, growth factors, and cytokines to complete the healing cascade.
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The skin is divided into epidermis, dermis, and hypodermis, the skin's outermost, middle, and inner layers. The human epidermal layer regularly undergoes renewal, where old, dead cells are replaced by new cells. Epidermal stem cells or EpiSCs divide and differentiate to restore the lost cells. For the renewal process, some EpiSCs continuously self-renew. In contrast, few others differentiate into transit-amplifying cells, which later form prickle or spinous cells, followed by granular...
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Regeneration and repair processes are critical in healing damages caused by injury, disease, and aging. In regeneration, the damaged tissue is entirely replaced with new growth that restores the original architecture and function. In contrast, tissue repair usually results in a fixed tissue architecture involving scar formation. Scars generally do not reestablish tissue function and may also exhibit structural abnormalities at the injury site.
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The immune system's inflammatory response destroys the invading pathogen, permitting the tissue to heal. The changes during the cellular and vascular stages allow exudate formation at the site of inflammation. The inflammatory exudate released from the wound has high protein content and a specific gravity above 1.020.
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Several body functions deteriorate with age. The external signs of aging are easily identifiable. For example, the skin becomes dry, less elastic, and thins out, forming wrinkles. The skin of the face begins to appear looser due to a decrease in the levels of elastic and collagen fibers in the connective tissue. Additionally, melanin production in the hair follicle decreases with age, resulting in gray hair. Moreover, the senses of sight and hearing decline, so glasses and hearing aids may...
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Updated: Jul 10, 2025

Generation of a Three-dimensional Full Thickness Skin Equivalent and Automated Wounding
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Aging Skin and Wound Healing.

Michael Kremer1, Nicole Burkemper1

  • 1Department of Dermatology, SSM Saint Louis University Hospital, 1225 South Grand Boulevard 3L, St. Louis, MO 63104, USA.

Clinics in Geriatric Medicine
|November 24, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Human skin aging and photodamage significantly alter skin functions. Recent research indicates wound healing in the elderly is delayed, not defective, with comorbidities being the primary cause of poor healing in older adults.

Keywords:
AgingChronic woundsPhotoagingSkin functionSkin structureWound healing

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Area of Science:

  • Dermatology and Gerontology
  • Skin Physiology
  • Wound Healing Research

Background:

  • Human skin performs essential functions, but undergoes changes with aging and photodamage.
  • Wound healing in the elderly was traditionally considered defective due to chronic wounds and slow re-epithelialization.
  • Recent studies challenge the notion of defective wound healing in older adults.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of aging on human skin's functional changes.
  • To re-evaluate the characteristics of wound healing in the elderly population.
  • To identify factors contributing to poor wound healing in older individuals.

Main Methods:

  • Review of recent research on skin aging and wound healing.
  • Analysis of data on re-epithelialization times in acute wounds.
  • Examination of factors associated with chronic wound healing in elderly populations.

Main Results:

  • Wound healing in the elderly is characterized by delay rather than defect.
  • Comorbid conditions are the predominant factors in poor chronic wound healing among older adults.
  • Age alone is not the primary determinant of impaired wound healing.

Conclusions:

  • The aging process impacts skin function, but does not inherently render wound healing defective.
  • Comorbidities significantly influence wound healing outcomes in the elderly.
  • Future strategies for improving wound healing in older populations should address underlying health conditions.