Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 12, 2026

Detection and Genogrouping of Noroviruses from Children's Stools By Taqman One-step RT-PCR
15:16

Detection and Genogrouping of Noroviruses from Children's Stools By Taqman One-step RT-PCR

Published on: July 22, 2012

17.3K

Prevalence and Characterization of Gastroenteritis Viruses among Hospitalized Children during a Pilot Rotavirus

Chu Thi Ngoc Mai1, Le Thi Khanh Ly1, Yen Hai Doan2

  • 1National Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam.

Viruses
|November 25, 2023
PubMed

Insights

The Rotavirus vaccine significantly reduced rotavirus infections in Vietnamese children. However, norovirus and other viral gastroenteritis cases increased, highlighting the need for ongoing surveillance and control strategies.

Area of Science:

  • Virology and Epidemiology
  • Public Health and Vaccinology

Background:

  • Rotavirus (RV), norovirus (NoV), sapovirus (SaV), and human astrovirus (HAstV) are leading causes of pediatric gastroenteritis globally.
  • Vietnam introduced the Rotavin-M1 RV vaccine, necessitating an evaluation of its impact on viral gastroenteritis patterns in children.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the prevalence of RV, NoV, SaV, and HAstV in hospitalized children under five years old in Vietnam.
  • To assess the impact of the Rotavin-M1 RV vaccine introduction on the prevalence of these viral pathogens.

Main Methods:

  • A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted from December 2016 to May 2021 in two Vietnamese provinces.
  • Acute diarrheal samples from 2317 children under five were analyzed using ELISA for RV and multiplex real-time RT-PCR for NoV, SaV, and HAstV.
  • One year of pre-vaccination surveillance data was compared with post-vaccination data.

Main Results:

  • Single RV infection prevalence decreased significantly from 41.6% to 22.7% post-vaccination (p < 0.0001).
  • Single NoV infection prevalence more than doubled from 8.8% to 21.8% (p < 0.0001).
  • SaV and HAstV prevalences showed slight increases, while viral co-infections decreased, primarily due to reduced RV co-infections.

Conclusions:

  • The RV vaccine introduction led to a substantial reduction in rotavirus gastroenteritis in Vietnamese children.
  • A concurrent increase in norovirus and other viral gastroenteritis necessitates continued monitoring and potential interventions.
  • Shifting etiological patterns of diarrhea require ongoing surveillance to manage the remaining disease burden effectively.

Keywords:
Rotavin-M1Vietnamastrovirusgastroenteritis virusesnorovirusrotavirusrotavirus vaccinesapovirus

More Related Videos

Assays for the Specific Growth Rate and Cell-binding Ability of Rotavirus10:49

Assays for the Specific Growth Rate and Cell-binding Ability of Rotavirus

Published on: January 28, 2019

8.7K
Simplified Reverse Genetics Method to Recover Recombinant Rotaviruses Expressing Reporter Proteins11:40

Simplified Reverse Genetics Method to Recover Recombinant Rotaviruses Expressing Reporter Proteins

Published on: April 17, 2020

8.7K

Related Concept Videos

Vaccinations01:51

Vaccinations

Overview
Human Virome01:26

Human Virome

The human body harbors a vast and diverse viral community known as the human virome. The virome includes bacteriophages that infect bacteria, and eukaryotic viruses that infect human cells. Transient dietary and environmental viruses also contribute to this dynamic ecosystem. Estimates suggest the human body may contain on the order of 10¹³ viral particles, though abundance varies widely by body site and detection method.Comprehensive characterization of the virome has become possible only with...
Bacterial Gastroenteritis01:18

Bacterial Gastroenteritis

Bacterial gastroenteritis, characterized by diarrhea, abdominal cramps, and vomiting, is often caused by ingestion of contaminated food or water and is frequently associated with pathogenic Escherichia coli strains. These microbes exploit two principal mechanisms to inflict disease.Shiga toxin–producing E. coli, also referred to as STEC—notably O157:H7—release Shiga toxins that target ribosomes, blocking protein synthesis. The B subunit of the toxin binds the host glycolipid receptor...
Poliomyelitis01:17

Poliomyelitis

Poliomyelitis is caused by poliovirus, a small, non-enveloped, positive-sense RNA virus of the Picornaviridae family and Enterovirus genus. Transmission occurs primarily via the fecal-oral route, often through ingestion of contaminated water or food. The virus initially replicates in the oropharynx and intestinal mucosa, particularly in lymphoid tissues such as the tonsils, Peyer’s patches, and regional lymph nodes. Primary viremia follows, allowing dissemination throughout the body.In most...
Respiratory Syncytial Virus Disease01:29

Respiratory Syncytial Virus Disease

Human respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a widespread pathogen that primarily targets infants and young children but also poses a serious health risk to elderly and immunocompromised individuals. Belonging to the Pneumoviridae family, RSV is a negative-sense, single-stranded RNA virus within the Pneumovirus genus. Its global health burden is significant, with millions of cases annually resulting in hospitalizations and mortality, particularly in resource-limited settings. Although most...
Viral Hepatitis I: Introduction01:28

Viral Hepatitis I: Introduction

Viral hepatitis is an inflammatory condition of the liver caused by infection with hepatotropic viruses, most commonly hepatitis A, B, C, D, and E. Despite variations in structure and transmission, all viruses mentioned infect hepatocytes and provoke immune responses that can hinder liver function. Additionally, some non-hepatotropic viruses can also lead to hepatic inflammation.Hepatitis A VirusHepatitis A virus (HAV) is transmitted through the fecal–oral route, typically by ingestion of food...