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Porosity in Cement Paste

Porosity in Cement Paste

The porosity of concrete is a measure of the void spaces within its structure. These spaces impact its strength and durability significantly. When water and cement interact, a chemical reaction called hydration creates a semi-solid paste. This paste includes combined water, making up approximately 23% of the cement's dry mass, and gel water, which fills minuscule voids known as gel pores, accounting for about 28% of the cement gel volume.
The balance of water to cement in the mix is...

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Additive Manufactured Parts Produced Using Selective Laser Sintering Technology: Comparison between Porosity of Pure

Chiara Morano¹, Leonardo Pagnotta¹

¹Department of Mechanical, Energy and Management Engineering, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, CS, Italy.

|November 25, 2023

Summary

Selective laser sintering (SLS) of polymers creates porosity, a critical weakness. This study systematically compares porosity data across various SLS polymers, aiding additive manufacturing advancements.

Keywords:

3D printing additive manufacturing blended polymers porosity pure polymers selective laser sintering

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Area of Science:

Materials Science
Additive Manufacturing
Polymer Engineering

Background:

Porosity is a significant defect in selective laser sintering (SLS) parts, compromising material integrity.
Existing literature extensively covers porosity in various polymeric materials processed via SLS, but lacks comparative analysis.
A systematic comparison of porosity data is crucial for advancing the understanding of SLS polymers.

Purpose of the Study:

To systematically collect and compare porosity percentages reported in the literature for different polymers processed using SLS.
To provide a consolidated resource for understanding porosity variations in amorphous and semi-crystalline polymers, as well as pure and blended materials.
To facilitate a deeper comprehension of SLS applicability to diverse polymeric materials.

Main Methods:

Literature review and data compilation of porosity percentages from various research studies on SLS polymers.
Categorization of materials into amorphous or semi-crystalline, and pure or blended polymer types.
Tabulation of collected porosity data alongside corresponding SLS process parameters for each material.

Main Results:

Porosity percentages vary significantly across different polymeric materials processed via SLS.
Tables present a comparative overview of porosity values, linked to specific process parameters for various polymers.
Identified trends and ranges of porosity for different material types and processing conditions.

Conclusions:

A comprehensive comparison of porosity in SLS polymers is essential for material selection and process optimization.
The compiled data serves as a valuable reference for researchers and engineers in the field of additive manufacturing.
Further research can leverage this comparative analysis to develop strategies for minimizing porosity in SLS-processed polymer parts.