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Practical Considerations for Total-Body PET Acquisition and Imaging.

Benjamin A Spencer1,2, Kristin McBride3, Heather Hunt3

  • 1Department of Radiology, University of California-Davis, Sacramento, CA, USA. benspencer@ucdavis.edu.

Methods in Molecular Biology (Clifton, N.J.)
|November 25, 2023
PubMed
Summary

This article reviews the practical implementation and operational protocols for the uEXPLORER, the first scanner capable of imaging the entire human body simultaneously. It highlights how the extended field-of-view improves signal collection and discusses the unique clinical considerations required for efficient use of this high-sensitivity technology.

Keywords:
Dynamic PETEXPLORERHuman imagingLong axial FOVLow dose imagingPETTotal-body imaginguEXPLORERPET/CT imagingaxial field-of-viewmolecular imaging

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Area of Science:

  • Medical imaging physics within total-body PET diagnostics
  • Radiology and nuclear medicine instrumentation research

Background:

No prior work had resolved the operational complexities of scanning entire human subjects in a single bed position. Conventional systems rely on multiple overlapping segments to capture systemic tracer distribution. This limitation frequently results in longer examination times and lower overall photon detection rates. The introduction of extended axial coverage scanners creates a new paradigm for nuclear medicine workflows. That uncertainty drove the need for standardized protocols tailored to these high-sensitivity devices. Researchers must now balance increased signal efficiency with specific patient management requirements. Existing literature lacks comprehensive guidance on optimizing these advanced systems for routine clinical environments. This gap motivated the current review of institutional experiences with long-field-of-view PET technology.

Purpose Of The Study:

The aim of this article is to discuss the practical considerations and imaging protocols for total-body PET systems. Researchers seek to address the challenges associated with implementing high-sensitivity, long-field-of-view technology. The study explores how the uEXPLORER scanner changes standard diagnostic workflows. It examines the balance between increased signal efficiency and clinical operational requirements. The authors intend to provide guidance for institutions adopting these advanced imaging platforms. This work clarifies the technical adjustments needed for routine patient scanning. The motivation lies in optimizing the use of systems that capture the entire human body simultaneously. The review serves to bridge the gap between hardware innovation and practical clinical application.

Main Methods:

The review approach synthesizes operational data from the uEXPLORER system at UC Davis. Investigators evaluated clinical imaging protocols established since the scanner's deployment in 2019. The analysis focuses on practical considerations for managing high-sensitivity data acquisition. Researchers examined the transition from segmented scanning to single-bed-position workflows. Technical requirements for maintaining image quality across the extended axial range were assessed. The study team reviewed institutional procedures for patient preparation and tracer administration. This methodology emphasizes the integration of hardware capabilities with routine diagnostic needs. The synthesis provides a comprehensive overview of current best practices for long-field-of-view systems.

Main Results:

Key findings from the literature demonstrate that the uEXPLORER system achieves a 15-68-fold gain in signal collection efficiency. This performance improvement allows for comprehensive imaging of the entire subject in one position. The system features an axial field-of-view measuring 194 cm to accommodate most patients. Data indicate that this high-sensitivity approach facilitates new clinical and research applications. The authors report that single-bed-position acquisition simplifies the imaging process compared to traditional multi-segment methods. Observations confirm that the extended coverage provides superior photon detection across all organ systems. The literature confirms that these scanners have been in routine use since 2019. These results highlight the substantial impact of axial length on diagnostic throughput and sensitivity.

Conclusions:

The authors synthesize institutional experience to provide a framework for total-body PET utilization. High-sensitivity systems offer significant improvements in signal collection compared to traditional scanners. Practitioners must adapt standard protocols to account for the unique capabilities of extended axial coverage. Efficient use requires careful consideration of both technical parameters and patient-specific imaging requirements. The review highlights the shift toward single-position acquisition as a standard for systemic evaluation. Future clinical workflows will likely incorporate these optimized procedures to maximize diagnostic throughput. The findings suggest that total-body imaging represents a major advancement in molecular imaging capabilities. This synthesis provides a foundation for broader adoption of these high-sensitivity scanning platforms in clinical settings.

The uEXPLORER system achieves a 15-68-fold increase in signal collection efficiency. This gain stems from its 194 cm axial field-of-view, which captures the entire subject simultaneously, unlike conventional scanners that require multiple bed positions to cover the same volume.

The system utilizes a 194 cm axial field-of-view. This dimension is specifically engineered to encompass the majority of human subjects entirely, enabling single-bed-position acquisition that contrasts with the segmented scanning approach of standard PET/CT devices.

A long axial field-of-view is necessary to capture the entire human body. This prevents the need for multiple bed positions, which would otherwise introduce motion artifacts and reduce the temporal resolution of systemic tracer distribution studies.

The scanner serves as the primary tool for evaluating systemic tracer kinetics. By collecting data from all organs simultaneously, it allows researchers to quantify metabolic processes across the entire body with higher temporal precision than traditional multi-segment methods.

The system measures photon detection rates across the entire axial length. Researchers observe significant sensitivity improvements compared to standard devices, which typically only capture a small fraction of the body at any given time.

The authors propose that standardized imaging protocols are required for efficient clinical operation. They suggest that moving toward single-position acquisition will improve diagnostic workflows compared to the fragmented imaging sequences currently used in conventional nuclear medicine.