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COVID 19 infection clinical features in pediatric patients in Southwestern Iran: a cross-sectional, multi-center

Marzieh Jamalidoust1, Mohsen Jalil2, Zahra Ashkan3

  • 1Clinical Microbiology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.

BMC Infectious Diseases
|November 25, 2023
PubMed

Insights

This study found that 13.51% of children suspected of having COVID-19 in Iran tested positive. Children with underlying conditions like malignancy and diabetes had higher infection rates.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has had a significant impact on global health, including pediatric populations.
  • Understanding the epidemiology of COVID-19 in children is crucial for public health strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate SARS-CoV-2 infection rates and associated clinical features in children under 18.
  • To identify risk factors and demographic characteristics of pediatric COVID-19 cases in specific Iranian provinces.

Main Methods:

  • A retrospective study involving 5943 children suspected of SARS-CoV-2 infection.
  • Data collection included demographic, clinical, and underlying condition information from February 2020 to June 2021.
  • Real-time PCR was used for confirmation of SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Main Results:

  • 13.51% of suspected pediatric cases tested positive for SARS-CoV-2.
  • The mean age of infected children was 5.71 years, with a female/male ratio of 1:1.3.
  • Children with malignancy (highest rate) and diabetes showed significantly higher COVID-19 rates compared to other underlying conditions.
  • 11.2% of confirmed pediatric cases required Pediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU) admission.
  • The 10-18 year age group had the most COVID-19 cases, with no significant sex-based difference in susceptibility.

Conclusions:

  • Children of all ages are susceptible to SARS-CoV-2 infection.
  • Pre-existing conditions, particularly malignancy and diabetes, are associated with increased risk of COVID-19 in children.
  • The findings highlight the importance of monitoring and protecting vulnerable pediatric populations during the pandemic.

Keywords:
COVID 19 DiseaseChildrenReal-time PCRSymptomsUnderlying Disease

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