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Vortex formation time in female athletes
Stefan Cirovic1, Andreas Malmgren2, Rayane Kurdie2
1Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Society, Malmö University, Malmö, 205 06, Sweden. stefan.cirovic@mau.se.
The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging
|November 26, 2023
Summary
Vortex formation time (VFT) can help distinguish athletic heart adaptations from disease. Vigorous exercise in female athletes significantly increases VFT compared to controls, suggesting its potential as a screening tool.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Sports Medicine
- Physiology
Background:
- Vigorous physical activity induces cardiac adaptations that can mimic pathological changes.
- Accurate differentiation between adaptive and pathological cardiac alterations in athletes is crucial.
- Vortex formation time (VFT) is an emerging echocardiographic parameter for assessing diastolic function.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate VFT differences in female athletes with varying training levels.
- To assess VFT as a potential tool for identifying training-induced cardiac adaptations.
Main Methods:
- Echocardiography-Doppler analysis was used to calculate VFT.
- VFT was determined using left ventricular ejection fraction, end-diastolic volume to mitral annulus diameter ratio, and atrial contraction volume to total inflow ratio.
- Study included professional handball players, middle-aged female athletes, and their respective control groups.
Main Results:
- Both professional handball players and middle-aged female athletes showed significantly increased VFT compared to controls.
- Statistically significant differences in VFT were observed between handball players and middle-aged female athletes.
- These findings suggest VFT is influenced by the level of physical activity.
Conclusions:
- VFT is elevated in female athletes, indicating cardiac adaptation to training.
- VFT shows potential as a non-invasive screening tool for cardiac adaptations in athletes.
- This method may aid in distinguishing physiological cardiac remodeling from pathological conditions.
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