Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Transmission Line Design Considerations01:23

Transmission Line Design Considerations

138
Aluminum has become the material of choice for overhead transmission lines, surpassing copper due to its abundance and cost-effectiveness. The most prevalent type is the aluminum conductor, steel-reinforced (ACSR), which combines aluminum strands around a steel core. Other variants include all-aluminum conductors (AAC), all-aluminum alloy conductors (AAAC), aluminum conductor alloy-reinforced (ACAR), and aluminum-clad steel conductors. Advanced designs, such as aluminum conductors with steel...
138
Propagation Speed of Electromagnetic Waves01:30

Propagation Speed of Electromagnetic Waves

3.4K
Electromagnetic waves are consistent with Ampere's law. Assuming there is no conduction current Ampere's law is given as:
3.4K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

High-throughput Raman-activated cell sorting of microalgal genome-wide edited library revealed a regulatory pathway for carotenoid synthesis.

Nature communications·2026
Same author

Global health perspectives on diet patterns micronutrients and climato-economic factors.

iScience·2026
Same author

High-performance 54-channel C-band AWGR for optical computing applications.

Applied optics·2026
Same author

1.9 Tbps receiver optical subassembly based on LAN-WDM hybrid integration.

Optics express·2026
Same author

Factors associated with the experience of AI tools for creating health education materials: cross-sectional study using an extended UTAUT model.

BMC medical education·2026
Same author

Resolving accuracy-resolution trade-off in FBG via bidirectionally symmetric input AWG combined with the CoG algorithm.

Optics express·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 9, 2025

Writing Bragg Gratings in Multicore Fibers
08:48

Writing Bragg Gratings in Multicore Fibers

Published on: April 20, 2016

8.2K

Ultra-broad bandwidth array waveguide grating for high-speed backbone network transmission.

Liangliang Wang, Jiashun Zhang, Junming An

    Optics Express
    |November 29, 2023
    PubMed
    Summary

    Researchers developed ultra-broadband array waveguide gratings (AWG) for C&L bands, achieving high-capacity optical transmission. These devices enable 72Tbps/96Tbps speeds for next-generation backbone networks.

    More Related Videos

    High Speed Sub-GHz Spectrometer for Brillouin Scattering Analysis
    13:31

    High Speed Sub-GHz Spectrometer for Brillouin Scattering Analysis

    Published on: December 22, 2015

    15.1K
    Transmission of Multiple Signals through an Optical Fiber Using Wavefront Shaping
    09:43

    Transmission of Multiple Signals through an Optical Fiber Using Wavefront Shaping

    Published on: March 20, 2017

    9.9K

    Related Experiment Videos

    Last Updated: Jul 9, 2025

    Writing Bragg Gratings in Multicore Fibers
    08:48

    Writing Bragg Gratings in Multicore Fibers

    Published on: April 20, 2016

    8.2K
    High Speed Sub-GHz Spectrometer for Brillouin Scattering Analysis
    13:31

    High Speed Sub-GHz Spectrometer for Brillouin Scattering Analysis

    Published on: December 22, 2015

    15.1K
    Transmission of Multiple Signals through an Optical Fiber Using Wavefront Shaping
    09:43

    Transmission of Multiple Signals through an Optical Fiber Using Wavefront Shaping

    Published on: March 20, 2017

    9.9K

    Area of Science:

    • Photonics and Optical Engineering
    • Telecommunications Technology
    • Materials Science (Silica Waveguides)

    Background:

    • Increasing backbone network rates necessitate higher channel spacing and bandwidth.
    • Existing array waveguide gratings (AWG) face limitations in achieving ultra-broad bandwidth.
    • Silica waveguide technology is crucial for advanced optical components.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To design and fabricate 60-channel, 100 GHz spaced, ultra-broad bandwidth AWGs for C&L bands.
    • To evaluate the performance of these AWGs, including insertion loss, uniformity, and bandwidth.
    • To ensure stable AWG operation across a range of temperatures for practical backbone network applications.

    Main Methods:

    • Designed and fabricated C&L band ultra-broad bandwidth AWGs using silica waveguide technology.
    • Employed a novel parabolic design to enhance bandwidth and spectral characteristics.
    • Integrated a temperature control circuit for packaging to ensure operational stability.
    • Tested AWG performance with 96 Gbaud signals and evaluated temperature stability from -15 to 65°C.

    Main Results:

    • Achieved peak insertion loss of 2.98 dB (C band) and 2.91 dB (L band).
    • Demonstrated excellent uniformity: 0.36 dB (C band) and 0.27 dB (L band).
    • Measured 0.5 dB bandwidths of 0.614 nm (C band) and 0.560 nm (L band).
    • Confirmed stable performance across -15 to 65°C.
    • Successfully transmitted 96 Gbaud signals, suitable for 600G/800G backbone networks.

    Conclusions:

    • The developed C&L band ultra-broad bandwidth AWGs meet the demands of high-capacity backbone networks.
    • These AWGs enable total transmission speeds of 72 Tbps/96 Tbps over single-mode fiber.
    • The integrated temperature control ensures reliable operation in diverse environmental conditions.