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Skin manifestations in children with MIS-C and COVID-19: a narrative review

Heba Sati1, Noor Alzraikat2, Milanie Milan1

  • 1Faculty of Medicine and Medical Sciences, University of Balamand, Koura, Lebanon.

International Journal of Dermatology
|November 29, 2023
PubMed

Insights

Children with COVID-19 can develop multisystem inflammatory syndrome (MIS-C), often presenting with diverse and overlooked skin manifestations. Early recognition of these pediatric skin symptoms is crucial for timely diagnosis and treatment of MIS-C.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Dermatology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Critical Care Medicine

Background:

  • COVID-19 presents varied severity in children, with some developing multisystem inflammatory syndrome (MIS-C).
  • MIS-C can affect multiple organs, including the skin, and poses life-threatening risks.
  • Skin manifestations in pediatric COVID-19 and MIS-C are diverse and often missed, necessitating further research.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review and highlight the varied skin manifestations in children and adolescents with COVID-19 and MIS-C.
  • To emphasize the importance of recognizing these dermatological signs for early diagnosis and treatment.
  • To provide an overview of the clinical presentation, pathophysiology, diagnosis, and treatment of these conditions.

Main Methods:

  • A comprehensive literature search was conducted across PubMed, Scopus, and ScienceDirect databases.
  • Studies published up to October 1, 2022, were included.
  • A narrative review methodology was employed, with independent review and consensus by multiple researchers.

Main Results:

  • Skin manifestations in pediatric COVID-19 and MIS-C are diverse and frequently overlooked.
  • These dermatological signs can be indicative of severe disease and require prompt attention.
  • The review synthesizes information on presentation, underlying mechanisms, diagnosis, and management.

Conclusions:

  • Diverse skin manifestations are a key feature in pediatric COVID-19 and MIS-C.
  • Further research is essential to fully understand the impact of these conditions on children.
  • Early identification of skin symptoms is critical for appropriate care and improved outcomes in at-risk pediatric populations.

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