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COVID-19 and musculoskeletal pain: an overview of the current knowledge

Matteo Castaldo1, Brian D Ebbesen2,3, César Fernández-DE-Las-Peñas2,4

  • 1School of Medicine, Center for Neuroplasticity and Pain, Department of Health Science and Technology, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark - matteo.castaldo@poliambulatoriofisiocenter.com.

Minerva Anestesiologica
|November 29, 2023
PubMed

Insights

Post-COVID pain affects up to 60% of survivors, with musculoskeletal issues like fatigue and joint pain being common. Understanding the complex causes and developing targeted treatments for this persistent pain is crucial.

Area of Science:

  • * Infectious Diseases and Immunology
  • * Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Medicine

Background:

  • * Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by SARS-CoV-2, has led to widespread infections globally.
  • * A significant percentage of COVID-19 survivors experience persistent post-COVID symptoms, including pain, lasting up to a year.
  • * Musculoskeletal pain, manifesting as fatigue, myalgia, and arthralgia, is a prevalent post-COVID condition, affecting 10-60% of individuals.

Purpose of the Study:

  • * To review the clinical features, underlying mechanisms, and potential management strategies for musculoskeletal post-COVID pain.
  • * To emphasize the need for further research into the complex pathophysiology of post-COVID musculoskeletal pain.
  • * To discuss the current controversies and general approaches in managing this condition.

Main Methods:

  • * Literature review and synthesis of existing studies on post-COVID pain.
  • * Analysis of reported clinical manifestations and proposed pathophysiological mechanisms.
  • * Examination of current treatment modalities and guidelines for musculoskeletal pain.

Main Results:

  • * Musculoskeletal pain is a highly prevalent symptom in post-COVID condition, with significant impact on survivors.
  • * The exact mechanisms driving musculoskeletal post-COVID pain are not fully understood, with contributions from immune, biological, psychological, genetic, and epigenetic factors.
  • * Management strategies are not standardized, with a general recommendation for multidisciplinary and multimodal approaches.

Conclusions:

  • * Musculoskeletal pain is a significant and complex sequela of COVID-19 requiring further investigation.
  • * A comprehensive understanding of the multifactorial mechanisms is essential for developing effective treatments.
  • * Multidisciplinary and multimodal treatment approaches are currently recommended for managing post-COVID musculoskeletal pain.

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