SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) Vaccine Intentions in Kentucky

Area of Science:

• Public Health
• Epidemiology
• Health Behavior

Background:

• COVID-19 pandemic significantly impacts daily life, with Kentucky facing higher disease burdens and lower vaccination rates than the U.S. overall.
• Understanding vaccine intentions among key subpopulations is crucial for improving COVID-19 vaccination coverage.

Purpose of the Study:

• To explore COVID-19 vaccine intentions in Kentucky across demographic subpopulations.
• To investigate the influence of attitudes and beliefs about COVID-19 on vaccine intention.

Main Methods:

• A population-based survey of 1,459 Kentucky adults was conducted from January 26 to March 20, 2021.
• The survey utilized online and telephonic modalities, with over-sampling of Black/African American and Latino/a residents.
• Multivariable linear regression models analyzed relationships between demographics, beliefs, and vaccination intentions.

Main Results:

• Among 1,299 unvaccinated respondents, 53% intended to get vaccinated, 16% were undecided, and 31% were unwilling.
• Lower vaccination intention was associated with younger age, lower education, Black/African American race, lower income, Republican affiliation, and rural residence.
• Beliefs linked to lower intention included concerns about vaccine safety, efficacy, rapid development, and mistrust of manufacturers.

Conclusions:

• Findings highlight disparities in COVID-19 vaccine intention within Kentucky.
• Tailoring information campaigns to address specific demographic concerns and beliefs is essential for increasing vaccination rates.
• Informed decision-making about COVID-19 vaccination can be supported by study findings.