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Aptamer-Based Fentanyl Detection in Biological Fluids.

Juan Canoura¹, Yingzhu Liu¹, Obtin Alkhamis¹

¹Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, 2620 Yarbrough Drive, Raleigh, North Carolina , 27607, United States.

Analytical Chemistry

|November 30, 2023

Summary

Researchers developed a new aptamer-based sensor for rapid and accurate fentanyl detection in biological samples. This breakthrough offers a potential point-of-care solution for monitoring fentanyl levels and diagnosing overdoses effectively.

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Area of Science:

Biomedical Engineering
Analytical Chemistry
Pharmacology

Background:

Fentanyl, a potent analgesic, poses overdose risks due to its narrow therapeutic window.
Current fentanyl detection methods (lab tests, immunoassays) have limitations in speed, accuracy, and sample compatibility.
Accurate fentanyl detection is critical for therapeutic drug monitoring and overdose diagnosis.

Purpose of the Study:

To isolate novel aptamers capable of specifically binding fentanyl under physiological conditions.
To develop an electrochemical aptamer-based sensor for rapid and sensitive fentanyl detection.
To evaluate the sensor's performance in clinically relevant biological samples.

Main Methods:

Utilized library-immobilized SELEX (Systematic Evolution of Ligands by Exponential Enrichment) to isolate fentanyl-specific aptamers.

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Developed an electrochemical aptamer-based sensor incorporating the selected aptamers.

Tested sensor performance using diluted serum, urine, and saliva samples.

Main Results:

Successfully isolated aptamers with nanomolar affinity and high specificity for fentanyl.
The electrochemical aptamer-based sensor demonstrated rapid detection of fentanyl at clinically relevant concentrations.
The sensor performed effectively in various biosamples, including diluted serum, urine, and saliva.

Conclusions:

The developed aptamers and sensor offer a sensitive and specific method for fentanyl detection.
The sensor shows potential for point-of-care applications in medical settings.
This technology could aid in real-time fentanyl monitoring and overdose diagnosis.