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Age stereotypes: Dimensions, origins, and consequences.

Klaus Rothermund1, M Clara P de Paula Couto1

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Age stereotypes (AS) are acquired early and influence self-perception throughout life. These beliefs can become self-fulfilling prophecies, shaping the aging process and individual development in later life.

Keywords:
Age stereotypesEmbodimentInternalizationViews on aging

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Area of Science:

  • Gerontology
  • Social Psychology
  • Developmental Psychology

Background:

  • Age stereotypes (AS) are pervasive societal beliefs about different age groups.
  • Understanding AS is crucial for comprehending individual development across the lifespan.
  • Existing research highlights the impact of stereotypes on various life domains.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a comprehensive overview of age stereotypes (AS).
  • To examine the acquisition and developmental changes of AS.
  • To elucidate how AS influence development in old age.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review and conceptual analysis of age stereotype research.
  • Examination of the dimensions of AS: content, valence, context, reference, direction of relevance, and modality.
  • Analysis of the processes of AS acquisition, internalization, and stereotype embodiment.

Main Results:

  • AS are complex, varying in content and valence across life domains and age groups.
  • AS are acquired early in life and can be internalized, affecting self-perceptions of aging.
  • Internalized AS function as self-fulfilling prophecies, actively shaping the aging process.

Conclusions:

  • Age stereotypes are dynamic and multifaceted constructs.
  • The internalization of AS significantly impacts an individual's aging trajectory.
  • Stereotype embodiment underscores the profound connection between societal beliefs and personal aging experiences.