Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Atomic Nuclei: Larmor Precession Frequency01:11

Atomic Nuclei: Larmor Precession Frequency

1.4K
The earth's gravitational field produces a 'twisting force' perpendicular to the angular momentum of a spinning mass (such as a spinning top) that causes the mass to 'wobble' around the gravitational field axis in a phenomenon called precession. Similarly, the magnetic moment (μ) of a spinning nucleus precesses due to an external magnetic field directed along the z-axis. The precession of the magnetic moment vector about the magnetic field is called Larmor precession,...
1.4K
Time and frequency -Domain Interpretation of Phase-lag Control01:21

Time and frequency -Domain Interpretation of Phase-lag Control

99
Phase-lag controllers are widely used in control systems to improve stability and reduce steady-state errors. A dimmer switch controlling the brightness of a light bulb serves as a practical example of phase-lag control, gradually adjusting the bulb's brightness. Mathematically, phase-lag control or low-pass filtering is represented when the factor 'a' is less than 1.
Phase-lag controllers do not place a pole at zero, but instead influence the steady-state error by amplifying any...
99
Time and frequency -Domain Interpretation of Phase-lead Control01:24

Time and frequency -Domain Interpretation of Phase-lead Control

86
Phase-lead controllers are commonly used in various control systems to enhance response speed and stability. Adjusting the brightness on a television screen offers a practical example of phase-lead control. When contrast is enhanced, a phase-lead controller is employed. Mathematically, phase-lead control is identified when the first parameter is smaller than the second.
The design of phase-lead control involves the strategic placement of poles and zeros to balance steady-state error and system...
86
NMR Spectrometers: Radiofrequency Pulses and Pulse Sequences01:17

NMR Spectrometers: Radiofrequency Pulses and Pulse Sequences

809
A pulse is a short burst of radio waves distributed over a range of frequencies that simultaneously excites all the nuclei in the sample. Upon passing a radio frequency pulse along the x-axis, the nuclei absorb energy corresponding to their Larmor frequencies and achieve resonance. This shifts the net magnetization vector from the z-axis toward the transverse plane. This angle of rotation of the magnetization vector, or the flip angle, is proportional to the duration and intensity of the pulse.
809

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Diazoxide Choline Extended-release Tablets in Prader-Willi Syndrome: A Randomized, Double-blind, Withdrawal Period Study.

The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism·2026
Same author

The burden of illness in Prader-Willi syndrome: a systematic literature review.

Orphanet journal of rare diseases·2025
Same author

A Simple Circuit for Time-Resolved Luminescence (TRL) Measurement Instruments: Demonstration Through a Smartphone-Based TRL Imager for Anticounterfeiting Application.

IEEE sensors letters·2025
Same author

Immunomodulation Enhancing Bone Synthesis: A Concept Emerging from One Clinical Case.

The Israel Medical Association journal : IMAJ·2024
Same author

The correlation of neurosurgery motor examinations with ISNCSCI motor examinations in patients with spinal cord injury: a multicenter TRACK-SCI study.

Journal of neurosurgery. Spine·2024
Same author

Characterization of tumor suppressors and oncogenes evaluated from TCGA cancers.

American journal of clinical and experimental immunology·2024

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 9, 2025

Construction and Characterization of External Cavity Diode Lasers for Atomic Physics
09:10

Construction and Characterization of External Cavity Diode Lasers for Atomic Physics

Published on: April 24, 2014

27.7K

Laser Frequency Modulation and PM-to-AM Noise Conversion in Atomic Clocks.

Michael Huang, James Camparo

    IEEE Transactions on Ultrasonics, Ferroelectrics, and Frequency Control
    |December 1, 2023
    PubMed
    Summary

    Laser frequency modulation for atomic clock stabilization can introduce noise, impacting short-term stability. Careful selection of modulation amplitude is crucial for achieving high-frequency stability in vapor-cell atomic clocks.

    More Related Videos

    Shaping the Amplitude and Phase of Laser Beams by Using a Phase-only Spatial Light Modulator
    08:39

    Shaping the Amplitude and Phase of Laser Beams by Using a Phase-only Spatial Light Modulator

    Published on: January 28, 2019

    9.8K
    Generation and Coherent Control of Pulsed Quantum Frequency Combs
    06:42

    Generation and Coherent Control of Pulsed Quantum Frequency Combs

    Published on: June 8, 2018

    9.0K

    Related Experiment Videos

    Last Updated: Jul 9, 2025

    Construction and Characterization of External Cavity Diode Lasers for Atomic Physics
    09:10

    Construction and Characterization of External Cavity Diode Lasers for Atomic Physics

    Published on: April 24, 2014

    27.7K
    Shaping the Amplitude and Phase of Laser Beams by Using a Phase-only Spatial Light Modulator
    08:39

    Shaping the Amplitude and Phase of Laser Beams by Using a Phase-only Spatial Light Modulator

    Published on: January 28, 2019

    9.8K
    Generation and Coherent Control of Pulsed Quantum Frequency Combs
    06:42

    Generation and Coherent Control of Pulsed Quantum Frequency Combs

    Published on: June 8, 2018

    9.0K

    Area of Science:

    • Atomic, Molecular, and Optical Physics
    • Metrology and Measurement Science

    Background:

    • Laser wavelength stability is critical for chip-scale atomic clocks (CSACs), Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSSs), and other laser-based atomic devices.
    • Current stabilization methods involve modulating laser frequency around atomic resonances, inducing absorption modulation for feedback control.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the influence of laser frequency modulation on the short-term frequency stability of vapor-cell atomic clocks.
    • To identify the impact of phase-noise (PM) to amplitude-noise (AM) conversion on clock performance.

    Main Methods:

    • Analysis of the time-dependent variance in transmitted laser intensity noise.
    • Investigating the effects of laser phase-noise to amplitude-noise conversion.
    • Theoretical examination of frequency modulation effects in vapor-cell atomic clocks.

    Main Results:

    • Laser frequency modulation, while stabilizing wavelength, can introduce time-dependent intensity noise due to PM-to-AM conversion.
    • This PM-to-AM conversion significantly affects the short-term frequency stability of vapor-cell atomic clocks.
    • The amplitude of frequency modulation directly influences this noise and stability.

    Conclusions:

    • Judicious selection of laser frequency modulation amplitude is essential for optimizing short-term frequency stability in diode-laser enabled vapor-cell atomic clocks.
    • Achieving the [Formula: see text] frequency-stability range requires careful management of modulation-induced noise.
    • Understanding and mitigating PM-to-AM conversion is key for advancing atomic clock technology.