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P-N junction

P-N junction

A p-n junction is formed when p-type and n-type semiconductor materials are joined together. At the interface of the p-n junction, holes from the p-side and electrons from the n-side begin to diffuse into the opposite sides due to the concentration gradient. This diffusion of carriers leads to a region around the junction where there are no free charge carriers, known as the depletion region. The charge density within the depletion region for the n-side and p-side can be described by the...

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Fine-tuning the Size and Minimizing the Noise of Solid-state Nanopores

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Published on: October 31, 2013

Single-Layer Hexagonal Boron Nitride Nanopores as High-Performance Ionic Gradient Power Generators.

Ting-Ran Liu¹, Man Yui Thomas Fung², Li-Hsien Yeh^2,3

¹Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan.

Small (Weinheim an Der Bergstrasse, Germany)

|December 2, 2023

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Single-layer hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) nanopores efficiently harvest energy from ionic gradients. These robust membranes offer high ion selectivity and permeability, even in extreme pH conditions, generating significant nanopower.

Keywords:

2D materials ion transport osmotic power proton gradient power singe‐layer nanopore

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Area of Science:

Materials Science
Nanotechnology
Energy Harvesting

Background:

Two-dimensional (2D) materials are promising for ionic gradient energy harvesting.
Developing robust 2D nanopore membranes with high ionic selectivity and permeability is challenging.

Purpose of the Study:

To demonstrate single-layer hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) nanopores as high-performance ion-gradient nanopower harvesters.
To investigate the potential of hBN membranes for energy generation under extreme pH conditions.

Main Methods:

Fabrication and characterization of single-layer hBN nanopore membranes.
Measurement of ion transport and power generation under varying ionic gradients.
Testing membrane performance in highly acidic and alkaline environments.

Main Results:

hBN nanopores exhibit fast proton transport and excellent cation selectivity due to ultrathin thickness and large surface charge.
A single hBN nanopore generates up to ≈3 nW of proton-gradient power under a 1000-fold ionic gradient.
hBN membranes demonstrate robust power generation from acid-base neutralization, reaching ≈4.5 nW with 1 M HCl/KOH.

Conclusions:

Single-layer hBN nanopores are highly effective for harvesting ionic gradient power, even in extreme pH environments.
The unique properties of hBN, including its ultrathin nature, large surface charge, and chemical inertness, make it ideal for advanced energy harvesting applications.