Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 9, 2025

Human Liver Microphysiological System for Assessing Drug-Induced Liver Toxicity In Vitro
11:06

Human Liver Microphysiological System for Assessing Drug-Induced Liver Toxicity In Vitro

Published on: January 31, 2022

4.4K

Thyroid hyperplasia and neoplasm adverse events associated with GLP-1 receptor agonists in FDA Adverse Event

Tigran Makunts, Haroutyun Joulfayan, Ruben Abagyan

    Medrxiv : the Preprint Server for Health Sciences
    |December 4, 2023
    PubMed

    Insights

    Glucagon receptor-like peptide receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) show increased risks of thyroid hyperplasia and neoplasms. This finding is based on analysis of postmarketing safety data for GLP-1 RA monotherapy.

    Area of Science:

    • Endocrinology
    • Pharmacovigilance
    • Oncology

    Background:

    • Glucagon receptor-like peptide receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) are widely prescribed for type-2 diabetes and increasingly for weight management.
    • Clinical guidelines recommend GLP-1 RAs for patients with chronic kidney disease, cardiovascular disease, and obesity.
    • Concerns exist regarding thyroid cancer risk, highlighted by animal studies and human case reports, necessitating further safety data review.

    Approach:

    • Analysis of over 18 million reports from the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS).
    • Identification of 17,653 relevant GLP-1 RA monotherapy reports.
    • Comparative analysis against sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitor (SGLT-2i) monotherapy data.

    Key Points:

    • GLP-1 RA monotherapy demonstrated a significantly increased propensity for thyroid hyperplasias and neoplasms.
    • The study quantified instances of thyroid hyperplasia and neoplasms in patients using GLP-1 RAs.
    • Findings suggest a potential link between GLP-1 RA use and thyroid abnormalities.

    Conclusions:

    • Postmarketing safety data indicates a heightened risk of thyroid hyperplasia and neoplasms with GLP-1 RA monotherapy.
    • Further investigation into the thyroid safety profile of GLP-1 RAs is warranted given their expanding indications.
    • This research provides crucial evidence for clinicians and regulatory bodies regarding GLP-1 RA safety.

    More Related Videos

    Establishment and Characterization of Patient-Derived Xenograft Models of Anaplastic Thyroid Carcinoma and Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma06:08

    Establishment and Characterization of Patient-Derived Xenograft Models of Anaplastic Thyroid Carcinoma and Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma

    Published on: June 2, 2023

    1.8K
    Important Endpoints and Proliferative Markers to Assess Small Intestinal Injury and Adaptation using a Mouse Model of Chemotherapy-Induced Mucositis07:05

    Important Endpoints and Proliferative Markers to Assess Small Intestinal Injury and Adaptation using a Mouse Model of Chemotherapy-Induced Mucositis

    Published on: May 12, 2019

    5.9K

    Related Concept Videos

    Glucagon-like Receptor Agonists01:24

    Glucagon-like Receptor Agonists

    Incretins include glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP), which stimulate insulin secretion post-meals. In type 2 diabetes, GIP's efficacy is reduced, making GLP-1 a viable drug target. GIP originates from preproGIP.
    GLP-1, when administered in high doses intravenously, triggers insulin secretion, inhibits glucagon release, slows gastric emptying, reduces food intake, and restores normal insulin secretion. However, its rapid inactivation by...
    329
    Hypoglycemia and Glucagon01:15

    Hypoglycemia and Glucagon

    Without prolonged fasting, healthy individuals maintain blood glucose levels above 3.5 mM due to a well-adapted neuroendocrine counterregulatory system that effectively prevents acute hypoglycemia, a potentially life-threatening condition. The primary clinical scenarios for hypoglycemia encompass diabetes treatment, inappropriate production of endogenous insulin or insulin-like substances by tumors, and the use of glucose-lowering agents in non-diabetic individuals. Notably, hypoglycemia in the...
    272
    Oral Hypoglycemic Agents: Biguanides and Glitazones01:26

    Oral Hypoglycemic Agents: Biguanides and Glitazones

    Biguanides, particularly metformin (Glucophage), are insulin sensitizers that enhance glucose uptake, thereby reducing insulin resistance. Unlike sulfonylureas, metformin doesn't prompt insulin secretion, which helps to curb hypoglycemia risk. Metformin is beneficial in treating conditions like polycystic ovary syndrome due to its insulin-resistance reduction capability. The drug's primary action involves curtailing hepatic gluconeogenesis, a significant contributor to high blood...
    209
    Oral Hypoglycemic Agents: Glinides01:06

    Oral Hypoglycemic Agents: Glinides

    Repaglinide (Prandin) and Nateglinide (Starlix), known as glinides, are oral insulin secretagogues that stimulate insulin release from pancreatic β cells by closing the ATP-sensitive potassium channels (KATP channel). Repaglinide controls insulin release from pancreatic β cells by managing potassium efflux. It shares two binding sites with sulfonylureas and also has a unique site, indicating overlapping mechanisms of action. With a rapid onset and a 4-7 hour duration, it effectively...
    157
    Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4 Inhibitors01:23

    Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4 Inhibitors

    Dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP-4) is a serine protease widely distributed in the body. It's involved in the inactivation of GLP-1 and GIP hormones, which are crucial for insulin regulation. DPP-4 inhibitors, such as sitagliptin (Januvia), saxagliptin (Onglyza), linagliptin (Tradjenta), alogliptin (Nesina), and vildagliptin (Galvus), help increase the proportion of active GLP-1, enhancing insulin secretion. These inhibitors work by competitively binding to DPP-4. This binding causes a...
    190
    Oral Hypoglycemic Agents: α-Glucosidase Inhibitors01:19

    Oral Hypoglycemic Agents: α-Glucosidase Inhibitors

    α-glucosidase inhibitors, including acarbose (Precose), miglitol (Glyset), and voglibose (Voglib) (primarily available in Asia), are drugs that control blood sugar levels by delaying the digestion of starch and disaccharides. They achieve this by inhibiting α-glucosidase enzymes in the intestine, which slow the absorption of carbohydrates in the intestine, which in turn leads to a prolonged release of the glucoregulatory hormone GLP-1 from intestinal L-cells.
    Acarbose and miglitol are...
    182