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Microbial biosensors are analytical devices that utilize living microbes to detect specific substances through measurable signals. These devices consist of two main components: biosensing organisms and signal-transducing elements. Biosensing organisms, such as Escherichia coli or Saccharomyces cerevisiae, are typically housed in multiwell plates connected to transducers, enabling rapid, real-time detection of target analytes.Signal Generation MechanismWhen a target analyte—such as...

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Submonolayer biolasers for ultrasensitive biomarker detection.

Chaoyang Gong1,2, Xi Yang1,3, Shui-Jing Tang3

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Researchers developed ultrasensitive, disposable biosensors using submonolayer lasers on optical fibers. These novel devices significantly improve biomarker detection limits for early disease diagnosis, offering high-throughput clinical potential.

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Optical Physics
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • Designing sensitive, single-use biosensors for early disease diagnosis is a critical challenge in healthcare.
  • Current biosensor technologies often struggle to achieve the required sensitivity and disposability for widespread clinical application.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop ultrasensitive and disposable biosensors for early disease diagnosis.
  • To explore the potential of submonolayer lasers on optical fibers for biomarker detection.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized telecom optical fibers as distributed optical microcavities with high Q-factor.
  • Engineered submonolayer lasers on optical fibers for whispering-gallery laser emission.
  • Investigated the impact of gain molecule density on sensing performance.

Main Results:

  • Achieved a six-order-of-magnitude improvement in the lower limit of detection (LOD) with submonolayer lasers compared to monolayer lasers.
  • Demonstrated an ultrasensitive immunoassay for Parkinson's disease biomarker alpha-synuclein (α-syn) with an LOD of 0.32 pM in serum.
  • The developed biosensor's LOD is three orders of magnitude lower than α-syn levels in Parkinson's disease patients' serum.

Conclusions:

  • Submonolayer lasers on optical fibers represent a breakthrough in ultrasensitive and disposable biosensor technology.
  • This approach offers significant potential for high-throughput clinical diagnosis with ultimate sensitivity.
  • The developed biosensor technology could revolutionize early disease detection and monitoring.