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Related Concept Videos

Standing Waves in a Cavity01:28

Standing Waves in a Cavity

932
A household microwave and lasers are examples of standing electromagnetic waves in a cavity. When two conducting metal plates are placed parallel at the nodal planes, it creates a cavity where standing waves are formed. The cavity between the two planes is analogous to a stretched string held at the points x = 0 and x = L. Here, the distance 'L' between the two planes must be an integer multiple of half of the wavelength. The wavelengths that satisfy this condition are given by:
932

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 9, 2025

Fabrication of 1-D Photonic Crystal Cavity on a Nanofiber Using Femtosecond Laser-induced Ablation
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Self-assembled photonic cavities with atomic-scale confinement.

Ali Nawaz Babar1,2, Thor August Schimmell Weis3, Konstantinos Tsoukalas3

  • 1DTU Electro, Department of Electrical and Photonics Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark. anaba@dtu.dk.

Nature
|December 6, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Researchers developed a new method using surface forces to deterministically self-assemble silicon nanostructures. This technique achieves atomic-level precision, overcoming scalability limitations of current nanotechnologies.

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Area of Science:

  • Nanotechnology
  • Materials Science
  • Semiconductor Physics

Background:

  • Current synthetic self-assembly methods for nanostructures lack scalability.
  • Planar semiconductor technology is scalable but limited in achieving atomic dimensions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a scalable method for fabricating nanostructures with atomic precision.
  • To combine the benefits of self-assembly and planar semiconductor technology.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized surface forces, including Casimir-van der Waals interactions.
  • Employed conventional lithography and etching to create suspended silicon nanostructures.
  • Deterministic self-assembly and self-alignment of nanostructures were achieved.

Main Results:

  • Fabricated nanostructures with void features below conventional lithography limits.
  • Created waveguide-coupled silicon photonic cavities with 2 nm air gaps and high aspect ratios.
  • Demonstrated sub-nanometre device dimensions using scanning transmission electron microscopy.

Conclusions:

  • This novel fabrication method bridges the gap between self-assembly's atomic precision and semiconductor technology's scalability.
  • Paves the way for a new generation of nanotechnological fabrication.
  • Enables the creation of previously impossible nanostructures, such as ultra-small photonic cavities.