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Increased Rate of Familial Mediterranean Fever in Children With ADHD: A Population-Based Case-Control Study
Eugene Merzon1,2, Ariel Israel3, Beth Krone4
1Lehumit Health Services, Tel-Aviv, Israel.
Journal of Attention Disorders
|December 9, 2023
Summary
Children with Familial Mediterranean Fever (FMF) have a higher risk of developing Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). This study found a significant association between prior FMF diagnosis and later ADHD diagnosis in children.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Health
- Neurodevelopmental Disorders
- Inflammatory Diseases
Background:
- Growing evidence links inflammatory mechanisms to Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD).
- Previous research indicates a higher prevalence of ADHD in children with Familial Mediterranean Fever (FMF).
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the association between a prior diagnosis of Familial Mediterranean Fever (FMF) and the subsequent diagnosis of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) in children.
- To determine if FMF is a risk factor for developing ADHD.
Main Methods:
- A population-based case-control study was conducted using data from Leumit Health Services (01.01.2006–06.30.2021).
- Children meeting ICD-9/10 criteria for ADHD (cases) were matched 1:2 with non-ADHD controls based on age, sex, and socioeconomic status.
Main Results:
- A higher percentage of children with ADHD had a preceding FMF diagnosis (0.30%) compared to controls (0.17%).
- A significant, independent association was found between a prior FMF diagnosis and a later ADHD diagnosis (OR = 1.72, 95% CI 1.18-2.51, p = .003).
Conclusions:
- The findings suggest a significant association between Familial Mediterranean Fever and an increased risk of developing Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder.
- Further research is warranted to elucidate the underlying biological mechanisms connecting FMF and ADHD.
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