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Race, Rurality, and Suicidality in Children and Adolescents
Jeffrey J VanWormer1, Richard L Berg2, Arin VanWormer3
1Center for Clinical Epidemiology & Population Health, Marshfield Clinic Research Institute, Marshfield, Wisconsin.
American Journal of Preventive Medicine
|December 10, 2023
Summary
Racial/ethnic minority youth in rural areas face a higher risk of suicidality. This study highlights disparities in youth suicide risk based on race and rural residence, emphasizing the need for targeted prevention strategies.
Area of Science:
- Public Health
- Epidemiology
- Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
Background:
- Suicide is a leading cause of death in U.S. youth.
- Rural residency is an identified risk factor for youth suicide.
- The interaction between rurality and race/ethnicity on youth suicidality requires further investigation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To examine suicidality in youth based on race/ethnicity and rural vs. non-rural residence.
- To investigate the interaction between rurality and race/ethnicity in youth suicidality.
- To identify potential disparities in suicide risk among diverse youth populations.
Main Methods:
- Cross-sectional analysis of medical records from youth aged 5-17 years (2017-2022).
- Suicidality screened via diagnoses of suicidal attempt or ideation.
- Race/ethnicity and rural residence data extracted from administrative records.
Main Results:
- A significant interaction was found between rural residence and race/ethnicity (p=0.015).
- Non-White or Hispanic youth in rural areas exhibited the highest risk of suicidality (75 per 10,000).
- Non-White or Hispanic youth in non-rural areas had the lowest risk (38 per 10,000).
Conclusions:
- Racial/ethnic minority youth residing in rural areas are at a higher risk for suicidality.
- Findings suggest rural environments may exacerbate racial disparities in youth suicidality.
- Further prospective research is needed to understand causal factors and inform interventions.
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