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Updated: Jul 8, 2025
Treatment of Facial Deformities using 3D Planning and Printing of Patient-Specific Implants
Published on: May 23, 2020
Virtual planning for corrections of hemifacial microsomia
Adrian Sugar1, Peter Evans1, Scott Bartlett2
1Morriston Hospital, Swansea Bay University Health Board, Maxillofacial and Cleft Units, Swansea, UK.
Objectives:
This article describes the many anomalies within and outside the head and neck of hemifacial microsomia (HFM).
Methods:
The OMENS+ classification system is described with particular reference to the mandibular features classified by Pruzansky and modified by Kaban. The application of virtual surgical planning (VSP) to HFM, largely in children, is described and taken through to aspects indicated in maturity.
Results:
VSP is demonstrated with clinical cases examples in HFM patients for (1) grafts and flaps replacing missing parts of the zygomatic bone, temporo-mandibular joint and mandible, (2) distraction osteogenesis for lengthening of the mandibular ramus, advancement of the mandibular body, widening of the face and simultaneous mid-face and mandibular rotation, (3) implants and correction of microtia for bone anchored ear prostheses, (4) correction of microtia by autogenous ear construction, and (5) end stage rotational bimaxillary osteotomies.
Conclusions:
3D virtual and physical planning is a valuable adjunct to the treatment of this complex condition.
