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Updated: Jul 8, 2025
Bacterial Detection & Identification Using Electrochemical Sensors
Published on: April 23, 2013
Recent advances in electrochemical aptasensors and genosensors for the detection of pathogens
Razieh Nazari-Vanani1, Masoud Negahdary2
1School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Abstract:
In recent years, pathogenic microorganisms have caused significant mortality rates and antibiotic resistance and triggered exorbitant healthcare costs. These pathogens often have high transmission rates within human populations. Rapid diagnosis is crucial in controlling and reducing the spread of pathogenic infections. The diagnostic methods currently used against individuals infected with these pathogens include relying on outward symptoms, immunological-based and, some biomolecular ones, which mainly have limitations such as diagnostic errors, time-consuming processes, and high-cost platforms. Electrochemical aptasensors and genosensors have emerged as promising diagnostic tools for rapid, accurate, and cost-effective pathogen detection. These bio-electrochemical platforms have been optimized for diagnostic purposes by incorporating advanced materials (mainly nanomaterials), biomolecular technologies, and innovative designs. This review classifies electrochemical aptasensors and genosensors developed between 2021 and 2023 based on their use of different nanomaterials, such as gold-based, carbon-based, and others that employed other innovative assemblies without the use of nanomaterials. Inspecting the diagnostic features of various sensing platforms against pathogenic analytes can identify research gaps and open new avenues for exploration.
Insights
Electrochemical aptasensors and genosensors offer rapid, accurate, and cost-effective pathogen detection. This review highlights advancements in these biosensing platforms, focusing on nanomaterial applications for improved diagnostics.
Area of Science:
- Biosensing technologies
- Nanomaterial applications in diagnostics
- Pathogen detection
Background:
- Pathogenic microorganisms cause high mortality, antibiotic resistance, and increased healthcare costs.
- Current diagnostic methods for pathogens have limitations including errors, time consumption, and high costs.
- Rapid pathogen diagnosis is critical for controlling infection spread.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review and classify electrochemical aptasensors and genosensors for pathogen detection.
- To analyze advancements in these biosensing platforms from 2021 to 2023.
- To identify research gaps and future directions in pathogen diagnostics.
Main Methods:
- Classification of electrochemical aptasensors and genosensors based on nanomaterial composition (gold-based, carbon-based, etc.).
- Review of innovative assemblies and designs in biosensing platforms.
- Analysis of diagnostic features against pathogenic analytes.
Main Results:
- Electrochemical aptasensors and genosensors show promise for rapid, accurate, and cost-effective pathogen detection.
- Nanomaterials and innovative designs enhance the performance of these bio-electrochemical platforms.
- The review categorizes recent developments based on nanomaterial utilization.
Conclusions:
- Electrochemical aptasensors and genosensors are emerging as powerful tools for pathogen diagnostics.
- Further research into novel nanomaterials and sensor designs can improve diagnostic capabilities.
- Identifying research gaps will guide future advancements in rapid and reliable pathogen detection.
