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Related Concept Videos

Polymer Classification: Crystallinity01:21

Polymer Classification: Crystallinity

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Unlike ionic or small covalent molecules, polymers do not form crystalline solids due to the diffusion limitations of their long-chain structures. However, polymers contain microscopic crystalline domains separated by amorphous domains.
Crystalline domains are the regions where polymer chains are aligned in an orderly manner and held together in proximity by intermolecular forces. For example, chains in the crystalline domains of polyethylene and nylon are bound together by van der Waals...
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Polymers02:34

Polymers

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The word polymer is derived from the Greek words “poly” which means “many” and “mer” which means “parts”. Polymers are long chains of molecules composed of repeating units of smaller molecules, known as monomers. They either occur naturally, such as DNA and proteins, or can be constructed synthetically, like plastics. They have varied structural characteristics, such as linear chains, branched chains, or complex networks, that contribute to the...
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Characteristics and Nomenclature of Homopolymers01:00

Characteristics and Nomenclature of Homopolymers

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Polymers that are made up of identical monomer units are called homopolymers. Only one repeating unit is involved in the construction of the homopolymer structure. For example, as depicted in Figure 1, polypropylene is a homopolymer constituted of propylene monomers. Here, the only repeating unit in the polymer chain is propylene.
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Anionic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Overview01:20

Anionic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Overview

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The polymerization process that involves carbanion as an intermediate is called anionic polymerization. It is also a type of addition or chain-growth polymerization. Anionic polymerization gets initiated by a strong nucleophile such as an organolithium or a Grignard reagent. The most commonly used initiator for anionic polymerization is butyl lithium. Monomers involved in anionic polymerization must possess a vinyl group bonded to one or two electron-withdrawing groups. For instance,...
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Anionic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Mechanism01:04

Anionic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Mechanism

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The mechanism for anionic chain-growth polymerization involves initiation, propagation, and termination steps. In the initiation step, a nucleophilic anion, such as butyl lithium, initiates the polymerization process by attacking the π bond of the vinylic monomer. As a result, a carbanion, stabilized by the electron‐withdrawing group, is generated. The resulting carbanion acts as a Michael donor in the propagation step and attacks the second vinylic monomer, which acts as a Michael...
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Polymers: Molecular Weight Distribution01:10

Polymers: Molecular Weight Distribution

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For any given polymer, the weight average molecular weight (Mw) is higher than, if not equal to, the number average molecular weight (Mn). The only situation in which the weight average molecular weight and the number average molecular weight are equal is when a polymer consists only of chains with equal molecular weight. However, this never happens in a synthetic polymer, since it is difficult to control the polymerization process up to a molecular level with accuracy to a hundred percent.
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Preparation of Highly Porous Coordination Polymer Coatings on Macroporous Polymer Monoliths for Enhanced Enrichment of Phosphopeptides
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Amorphous porous organic polymers containing main group elements.

Zhikai Zhang1, Zhaoxin Liu1, Cece Xue1

  • 1School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 201210, China.

Communications Chemistry
|December 11, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Main group elements enhance amorphous porous organic polymers (aPOPs) by tuning their properties and enabling new synthesis strategies. This review covers recent advances, challenges, and future directions in MG-aPOPs research.

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Polymer Chemistry

Background:

  • Amorphous porous organic polymers (aPOPs) are highly crosslinked polymers built from rigid organic units.
  • They offer diverse applications due to their rich structures and properties.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent advances in main group (MG)-aPOPs.
  • To highlight the role of main-group elements in tuning aPOP properties and synthesis.
  • To discuss current challenges and potential solutions in MG-aPOP development.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of recent studies on main group element incorporation into aPOPs.
  • Analysis of synthetic strategies and characterization techniques for MG-aPOPs.

Main Results:

  • Main-group elements offer unique ways to modify aPOP structures and properties.
  • Incorporating main-group elements provides novel synthetic pathways for aPOPs.
  • Recent progress has expanded the library of MG-aPOPs with tailored functionalities.

Conclusions:

  • MG-aPOPs represent a promising area for advanced materials development.
  • Further research is needed to overcome synthetic and characterization challenges.
  • Future work should focus on innovative strategies to fully exploit MG-aPOP potential.