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Related Concept Videos

Free Jet01:14

Free Jet

169
Free jets describe the flow of liquid exiting a reservoir through an opening into the atmosphere without resistance. The velocity (v) of the liquid jet is derived using Bernoulli's principle and expressed as:
169

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 8, 2025

Author Spotlight: Enhancing Microinjection Needle Quality by Wet Beveling
06:00

Author Spotlight: Enhancing Microinjection Needle Quality by Wet Beveling

Published on: September 27, 2024

431

Rotatable Orifice for Needle-Free Jet Injection.

Andrew Z H Tan, Andrew J Taberner, James W McKeage

    Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. Annual International Conference
    |December 12, 2023
    PubMed
    Summary

    This study introduces a novel spherical orifice for needle-free jet injection, enabling controlled drug delivery angles. This technology achieved high jet speeds and increased lateral drug dispersion in tissue, proving its feasibility.

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    Area of Science:

    • Biomedical Engineering
    • Drug Delivery Systems
    • Fluid Dynamics

    Background:

    • Needle-free jet injection offers an alternative to traditional needles for drug administration.
    • Controlling drug delivery angle can enhance lateral dispersion and tissue penetration.
    • Existing orifice designs lack precise angle control for optimized delivery.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To design and test a novel spherical orifice for needle-free jet injection.
    • To evaluate the feasibility of controlling drug delivery angle for improved dispersion.
    • To assess the performance of the spherical orifice system in delivering fluid into tissue.

    Main Methods:

    • A rotatable spherical orifice (0.2 mm diameter) was integrated into a needle-free injector housing.
    • Fluid seals were created using an o-ring and a brass seat.
    • Jet speeds and fluid retention rates were measured at various injection angles (0°–50°) using porcine tissue.

    Main Results:

    • The system achieved jet speeds up to 123 m/s, sufficient for tissue penetration.
    • Fluid retention rates varied with angle, averaging 44% at shallow angles and 22% at maximum angles.
    • Lateral drug dispersion increased by approximately 40% at wider angles compared to conventional methods.

    Conclusions:

    • A spherical orifice needle-free injection system is feasible and can produce high-speed jets.
    • Rotatable nozzle technology allows for controlled drug delivery angles, enhancing lateral dispersion.
    • This innovation presents advantages over traditional orifice plates and needles for drug delivery.