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Comparison of inflammatory markers in COVID-19 patients- a study based on disease severity groups
Zahra Riaz1, Namra Mahmood1, Arooj Sattar2
1Central Park Medical College, Lahore, Pakistan.
Insights
This study found that older individuals experienced more severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Key inflammatory markers were elevated in severe COVID-19 cases, correlating with increased mortality.
Area of Science:
- Medical Research
- Infectious Diseases
- Immunology
Background:
- Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) presents with varying severity.
- Inflammatory markers are implicated in disease pathogenesis.
- Understanding these markers aids in predicting COVID-19 outcomes.
Purpose of the Study:
- To compare inflammatory markers across different COVID-19 severity groups.
- To investigate the association between inflammatory markers and COVID-19 severity.
- To analyze the relationship between inflammatory markers and mortality in COVID-19 patients.
Main Methods:
- A retrospective, comparative study of 50 COVID-19 inpatients.
- Patients categorized into mild, moderate, and severe/critical groups based on WHO guidelines.
- Analysis of C-reactive protein, interleukin-6, serum ferritin, and D-dimer levels.
Main Results:
- Significant differences in inflammatory markers (C-reactive protein, IL-6, ferritin, D-dimer) were observed across severity groups (p<0.05).
- The critical COVID-19 group showed higher mean age and significantly higher mortality (38%).
- Elevated inflammatory markers were strongly associated with severe disease and mortality.
Conclusions:
- Older age is linked to more severe forms of COVID-19.
- Elevated inflammatory markers are indicative of severe COVID-19 and are associated with increased mortality.
- These findings highlight the prognostic value of inflammatory markers in COVID-19 management.
Objectives:
To compare different inflammatory markers in various coronavirus disease 2019 severity groups.
Methods:
The cross-sectional, retrospective, comparative study was conducted at the Central Park Teaching Hospital, Lahore, Pakistan, and comprised data from April to June 2021 of coronavirus disease 2019 inpatients. The data was divided into mild, moderate and severe/critical category using the World Health Organisation interim guidelines. Data was analysed using SPSS 22.
Results:
Of the 50 patients, 29(58%) were males and 21(42%) were females. The overall mean age was 54.12±21.23 years. The mean age was 62±17.1years in critical group compared to 50±19.7 years in mild and 52±15.9 years in moderate groups. There were 8(16%) patients in the mild group, 16(32%) in the moderate group and 26(52%) in the critical severity group. Mortality was the outcome in overall 19(38%) cases, and 14(73.7%) of them were in the critical group (p=0.03). C reactive protein, interleukin-6, serum ferritin and D-dimer levels were significantly different among the groups (p<0.05).
Conclusions:
Older people were found to have experienced coronavirus disease 2019 in more severe forms. The inflammatory markers were significantly high in patients with severe disease and were associated with high mortality.
