Predictors of Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest in Patients Hospitalized With Acute Coronary Syndrome: A Systematic...

Area of Science:

• Cardiology
• Public Health
• Epidemiology

Background:

• Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) is a major cause of mortality globally, often stemming from coronary artery disease.
• Understanding OHCA predictors in acute coronary syndrome (ACS) is crucial for risk stratification and intervention.

Purpose of the Study:

• To systematically evaluate and identify significant predictors of OHCA among patients admitted with ACS.
• To provide a comprehensive overview of OHCA risk factors in the ACS population through meta-analysis.

Main Methods:

• A systematic meta-analysis was performed adhering to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines.
• Comprehensive literature searches were conducted across PubMed, EMBASE, and Web of Science up to October 15, 2023.
• Six relevant studies were included, analyzing predictors of OHCA in ACS patients.

Main Results:

• The pooled incidence of OHCA in ACS patients was found to be 4% (95% CI: 3%-5%).
• Significant predictors identified include older age, male gender, multivessel disease, hypertension, dyslipidemia, and ST-elevation myocardial infarction.
• These factors are strongly associated with the occurrence of OHCA in the context of ACS.

Conclusions:

• Age, gender, specific clinical characteristics (multivessel disease, hypertension, dyslipidemia), and ST-elevation myocardial infarction are significant predictors of OHCA in ACS patients.
• Identifying these predictors can aid in early risk assessment and targeted preventive strategies for OHCA in ACS.
• Further research may focus on refining risk models and developing interventions based on these identified predictors.