Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Biasing of Metal-Semiconductor Junctions

Biasing of Metal-Semiconductor Junctions

Biasing metal-semiconductor junctions involves applying a voltage across the junction. Specifically, the metal is connected to a voltage source, while the semiconductor is grounded. This technique is essential for controlling the direction and magnitude of current flow in electronic devices, including diodes, transistors, and photovoltaic cells.
In Schottky junctions, where the semiconductor is n-type, applying a positive voltage to the metal relative to the semiconductor reduces its Fermi...

MOSFET: Enhancement Mode

MOSFET: Enhancement Mode

Enhancement-mode MOSFETs are pivotal components in electronics, distinguished by their capacity to act as highly efficient switches. They are part of the larger family of metal-oxide Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistors (MOSFETs). They are available in two types: p-channel and n-channel, each tailored to specific polarity operations.
In their basic form, enhancement-mode MOSFETs are typically non-conductive when the gate-source voltage (Vgs) is zero. This default 'off' state means no...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

An on-chip phased array for non-classical light.

Nature communications·2025

Same author

Dynamically Programmable Magnetic Fields for Controlled Movement of Cells Loaded with Iron Oxide Nanoparticles.

ACS applied bio materials·2022

Same author

Subtractive photonics.

Optics express·2021

Same author

A Silicon Photonics Computational Lensless Active-Flat-Optics Imaging System.

Scientific reports·2020

Same author

Computational aberration correction of VIS-NIR multispectral imaging microscopy based on Fourier ptychography.

Optics express·2019

Same author

High sensitivity active flat optics optical phased array receiver with a two-dimensional aperture.

Optics express·2018

Same journal

Denoising algorithm of Φ-OTDR systems based on adaptive fractional wavelet transform denoising.

Optics express·2026

Same journal

Millisecond photon-to-photon latency and high-speed volumetric projection system for optogenetics.

Optics express·2026

Same journal

Polarization-encoded coaxial structured light for high-precision 3D surface profilometry.

Optics express·2026

Same journal

Discrete freeform optical design based on collaborative optimization of point cloud and local normals.

Optics express·2026

Same journal

Ultrafast ghost imaging with 25 GHz speckle switching and wavelength-division multiplexing.

Optics express·2026

Same journal

Atomic vapor cells fabricated by femtosecond laser welding of standard-optical-quality glass.

Optics express·2026

See all related articles

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 8, 2025

Fabrication of Zero Mode Waveguides for High Concentration Single Molecule Microscopy

Fabrication of Zero Mode Waveguides for High Concentration Single Molecule Microscopy

Published on: May 12, 2020

Visible spectrum waveguiding in bulk CMOS.

Debjit Sarkar, Ali Hajimiri

|December 13, 2023

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

This study demonstrates visible light waveguiding on a standard CMOS chip. The developed glass rib waveguides achieve the lowest reported losses in unmodified bulk CMOS for visible wavelengths.

More Related Videos

Fabrication And Characterization Of Photonic Crystal Slow Light Waveguides And Cavities

Fabrication And Characterization Of Photonic Crystal Slow Light Waveguides And Cavities

Published on: November 30, 2012

Measurement of Quantum Interference in a Silicon Ring Resonator Photon Source

Measurement of Quantum Interference in a Silicon Ring Resonator Photon Source

Published on: April 4, 2017

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 8, 2025

Fabrication of Zero Mode Waveguides for High Concentration Single Molecule Microscopy

Fabrication of Zero Mode Waveguides for High Concentration Single Molecule Microscopy

Published on: May 12, 2020

Fabrication And Characterization Of Photonic Crystal Slow Light Waveguides And Cavities

Fabrication And Characterization Of Photonic Crystal Slow Light Waveguides And Cavities

Published on: November 30, 2012

Measurement of Quantum Interference in a Silicon Ring Resonator Photon Source

Measurement of Quantum Interference in a Silicon Ring Resonator Photon Source

Published on: April 4, 2017

Area of Science:

Photonics
Integrated Optics
Semiconductor Devices

Background:

Standard CMOS chips are widely available but lack efficient visible light waveguiding capabilities.
Existing methods for visible light integration often require complex fabrication or specialized materials.
Unmodified bulk CMOS offers a cost-effective platform for integrated photonic applications.

Purpose of the Study:

To demonstrate and characterize waveguiding of visible light across the spectrum in an unmodified bulk CMOS chip.
To introduce a modified Euler bend for improved waveguide design in CMOS.
To report the lowest optical losses for visible wavelengths in such a platform.

Main Methods:

Fabrication of glass rib waveguides using a standard CMOS process.
Selective removal of metal layers via wet etching to expose waveguides.
Integration of a modified Euler bend to enhance waveguide bend radii.
Measurement of optical losses at various visible wavelengths (450 nm to 650 nm).

Main Results:

Successful waveguiding of light across the visible spectrum was achieved.
Optical losses were measured to be 6.2 dB/cm at 450 nm and 3.2 dB/cm at 650 nm.
The modified Euler bend significantly improved bend radii in the rib waveguides.
These results represent the lowest reported losses for visible wavelengths in unmodified bulk CMOS.

Conclusions:

Unmodified bulk CMOS is a viable platform for visible light integrated photonics.
The developed fabrication and design techniques enable efficient visible light waveguiding.
This advancement paves the way for cost-effective visible light photonic integrated circuits on CMOS.