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Related Concept Videos

Skeletal Muscle Relaxants: Adverse Effects01:21

Skeletal Muscle Relaxants: Adverse Effects

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Skeletal muscle relaxants are widely used for muscle paralysis and relieving pain following any muscle injury or stiffness. However, depending on the drug type, they can have adverse effects that range from mild to severe. Usually, nondepolarizing neuromuscular blockers have minimal side effects. For example, drugs like d-tubocurarine, cisatracurium, and rocuronium cause hypotension, whereas drugs like baclofen, when stopped abruptly, can lead to the recurrence of spastic conditions.
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Skeletal Muscle Relaxants: Therapeutic Uses01:31

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Skeletal muscle relaxants are used to relax muscle tone and alleviate painful muscle contractions. However, the choice of skeletal muscle relaxants depends on the duration of the surgical procedure in order to minimize potential side effects. Skeletal muscle relaxants like neuromuscular blocking agents [NMBAs] are commonly employed as adjuvants alongside general anesthetics in clinical settings. NMBAs are also used to maintain controlled ventilation during surgery of the larynx or pharynx...
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Directly Acting Muscle Relaxants: Dantrolene and Botulinum Toxin01:26

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Directly acting muscle relaxants like dantrolene and botulinum toxin (BoNT) have distinct mechanisms and applications. Dantrolene, a hydantoin derivative, acts on the ryanodine receptor (RYR1) in skeletal muscle cells. RYR1 are calcium channels present at the sarcoplasmic reticulum membrane. In response to excitation, they release calcium ions from the sarcoplasmic reticulum to the cytosol. Calcium promotes actin-myosin-mediated contraction of muscles.
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Peripherally and Centrally Acting Muscle Relaxants: A Comparison01:09

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Skeletal muscle relaxants can target the central nervous system [CNS] to reduce muscle tension or act directly at the neuromuscular junction to induce temporary paralysis. These two classes of muscle relaxants are called centrally acting muscle relaxants and peripherally acting muscle relaxants. They differ in their action, mechanism, administration route, and clinical uses.
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Nondepolarizing (Competitive) Neuromuscular Blockers: Pharmacological Actions01:27

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Nondepolarizing neuromuscular blockers prevent the membrane depolarization of muscle cells and inhibit muscle contraction. These are usually administered with anesthetics to achieve complete muscle relaxation. Upon administration, these drugs first block the small, rapidly contracting muscles of the face and hands, followed by the larger muscles of the trunk and the intercostal muscles. The diaphragm is the last muscle to be affected.
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Repeated Measurement of Respiratory Muscle Activity and Ventilation in Mouse Models of Neuromuscular Disease
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Effects of Delayed-Onset Muscle Pain on Respiratory Muscle Function.

Sema Ozden1, Ozge Ozalp1, Rabia Tugba Kilic2

  • 1Cyprus International University, Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Lefkosa, Turkey.

Sports Health
|December 13, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Delayed-onset muscle soreness (DOMS) in trunk muscles impairs respiratory function and exercise capacity. This highlights the need to manage DOMS in training and competition preparation.

Keywords:
exercisemuscle sorenessrespiration pulmonary function testsventilatory muscles

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Area of Science:

  • Exercise Physiology
  • Respiratory Medicine
  • Sports Science

Background:

  • Delayed-onset muscle soreness (DOMS) is commonly studied in peripheral muscles, with limited research on its effects on respiratory function.
  • DOMS in the trunk muscles is hypothesized to negatively impact respiratory parameters, strength, endurance, and exercise capacity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effects of induced DOMS in trunk muscles on respiratory function, muscle strength and endurance, and exercise capacity in healthy individuals.

Main Methods:

  • A prospective cohort study involving 24 healthy participants.
  • DOMS was induced in trunk muscles using 80% of maximum repetitive voluntary contraction.
  • Measurements included pulmonary function, respiratory muscle strength and endurance, exercise capacity, pain, fatigue, and dyspnea before and 48 hours after DOMS induction.

Main Results:

  • A significant decrease (4%–7.5%) was observed in key respiratory function parameters, including forced vital capacity and forced expiratory volume.
  • Maximal inspiratory pressure and exercise capacity also significantly decreased (P < 0.05).
  • Maximal expiratory pressure and respiratory muscle endurance showed no significant changes.

Conclusions:

  • DOMS in trunk muscles leads to a measurable decline in respiratory function and strength.
  • These findings underscore the importance of considering DOMS management in athletic training and preparation to optimize pulmonary performance.