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Reproductive healthcare for low-income women, especially women of color, is increasingly influenced by the justice system, termed carceral care. This study examines how legal and medical practices create this issue and offers solutions to prevent bedside criminalization.

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Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Sociology of Health & Illness
  • Reproductive Health Policy

Background:

  • Low-income women, particularly women of color, face significant barriers to accessing reproductive and pregnancy care.
  • The intersection of healthcare and the justice system creates unique challenges for vulnerable populations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To define and identify the mechanisms of "carceral care" in reproductive and pregnancy healthcare.
  • To analyze the legal and healthcare practices that lead to the criminalization of care for low-income women.
  • To propose actionable solutions to de-link reproductive healthcare from punitive systems.

Main Methods:

  • Qualitative analysis of legal frameworks and healthcare policies.
  • Examination of case studies illustrating the impact of carceral care.
  • Literature review on reproductive justice and health disparities.

Main Results:

  • Carceral care emerges from the entanglement of healthcare services with surveillance, reporting, and punitive measures.
  • Legal and clinical practices, including mandatory reporting and biased risk assessments, contribute to criminalization.
  • Disproportionate impact on low-income women of color due to intersecting systemic biases.

Conclusions:

  • Carceral care compromises the quality and accessibility of essential reproductive and pregnancy services.
  • Systemic changes in legal and healthcare practices are necessary to dismantle carceral care.
  • Interventions should focus on protecting patient rights and ensuring non-punitive care at the bedside.