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Amaranth proteins: From extraction to application as nanoparticle-based delivery systems for bioactive compounds
Milad Hadidi1, Fatemeh Aghababaei2, Maryam Mahfouzi3
1Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Sciences and Technologies, University of Castilla-La Mancha, 13071, Ciudad Real, Spain; Department of Physiological Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Vienna, 1090, Austria.
Amaranth proteins offer a sustainable alternative to animal proteins, with balanced nutrition and useful techno-functional properties for food and pharmaceutical applications. Addressing anti-nutritional factors is key to unlocking their full potential in nanoparticle delivery systems.
Area of Science:
- Food Science
- Biotechnology
- Nutritional Science
Background:
- Amaranth proteins present a sustainable and nutritionally balanced alternative to animal-derived proteins.
- Their unique composition and techno-functional properties make them suitable for food and pharmaceutical applications.
- Amaranth proteins can be utilized in fabricating protein-based nanoparticles for bioactive compound delivery.
Purpose of the Study:
- To provide a comprehensive overview of amaranth protein composition and techno-functional properties.
- To explore the potential of amaranth proteins in developing nanoparticle-based delivery systems.
- To discuss strategies for overcoming challenges related to anti-nutritional factors in amaranth proteins.
Main Methods:
- Review of existing literature on amaranth protein composition.
- Analysis of techno-functional properties such as solubility, emulsification, gelation, foaming, and binding.
- Investigation of protein-based nanoparticle fabrication and application in controlled release systems.
- Discussion of mitigation strategies for anti-nutritional factors.
Main Results:
- Amaranth proteins exhibit favorable techno-functional properties (solubility, emulsification, gelation, foaming, binding) suitable for various applications.
- Structural and physicochemical characteristics enable the fabrication of protein-based nanoparticles.
- These nanoparticles show potential for encapsulating and controlling the release of bioactive compounds.
- Anti-nutritional factors present a challenge to protein and bioactive compound bioavailability and digestibility.
Conclusions:
- Amaranth proteins are promising for food and pharmaceutical industries due to their sustainability and functional properties.
- Protein-based nanoparticles derived from amaranth are viable for advanced delivery systems.
- Mitigation of anti-nutritional factors through processing or genetic engineering is crucial for maximizing amaranth protein benefits.
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