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A Multi-Functional CMOS Biosensor Array With On-Chip DEP-Assisted Sensing for Rapid Low-Concentration Analyte

Dongwon Lee, Doohwan Jung, Fuze Jiang

    IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Circuits and Systems
    |December 14, 2023
    PubMed
    Summary

    This study introduces a novel CMOS biosensor chip utilizing dielectrophoresis (DEP) for rapid, label-free detection of low-concentration analytes. The integrated system enhances sensing speed by overcoming diffusion limits.

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    Area of Science:

    • Bioelectronics
    • Nanotechnology
    • Sensor Technology

    Background:

    • Current biosensing methods face limitations in speed and sensitivity, especially for low-concentration analytes.
    • Actuation-assisted techniques can improve analyte capture and detection efficiency.
    • Integrated CMOS platforms offer miniaturization and high-density sensing capabilities.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To develop a fully-integrated, multi-functional CMOS biosensor array chip.
    • To leverage dielectrophoresis (DEP) for enhanced analyte manipulation and sensing.
    • To demonstrate rapid, label-free detection of low-concentration analytes and particle manipulation.

    Main Methods:

    • Design and fabrication of a 4096-electrode CMOS biosensor chip using a 130-nm BiCMOS process.
    • On-chip reconfiguration of working electrodes (WEs) for DEP actuation, electrochemical potentiostat, optical shadow imaging, and impedance sensing.
    • Theoretical analysis and finite element method (FEM) simulations for DEP operations.
    • Biological assay measurements using E.coli bacteria and microbeads.

    Main Results:

    • Demonstrated rapid sensing of low-concentration analytes by overcoming diffusion limits using on-chip DEP.
    • Achieved simultaneous manipulation and detection of large particles (microbeads) via DEP and photodiode arrays.
    • Validated the multi-functional capabilities including electrochemical potentiostat and complex impedance sensing.
    • Showcased label-free detection and close-loop manipulation and sensing of particles and droplets.

    Conclusions:

    • The DEP-assisted multi-functional CMOS biosensor offers significant advantages for rapid, sensitive analyte detection.
    • On-chip DEP actuation simplifies design and enhances sensing performance by reducing diffusion limitations.
    • The integrated platform enables versatile applications in particle manipulation, droplet sensing, and biological assays.