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$Femtosecond Laser Filaments for Use in Sub-Diffraction-Limited Imaging and Remote Sensing$

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Tracking exceptional points above the lasing threshold.

Kaiwen Ji¹, Qi Zhong², Li Ge^3,4

¹Centre de Nanosciences et de Nanotechnologies, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, 10 Boulevard Thomas Gobert, 91120, Palaiseau, France.

Nature Communications

|December 14, 2023

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Exceptional points (EPs) in coupled semiconductor nanolasers are demonstrated above the lasing threshold, revealing their nonlinear dynamics. Cavity detuning is shown to be crucial for restoring EPs, enabling new nanolaser applications.

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Area of Science:

Non-Hermitian photonics
Semiconductor laser dynamics
Exceptional point singularities

Background:

Exceptional points (EPs) in non-Hermitian optical systems exhibit unique phenomena like unidirectional invisibility.
Typically, EPs are accessed below the lasing threshold in the linear regime.
Coupled semiconductor nanolasers are key components in photonic integrated circuits.

Purpose of the Study:

To experimentally demonstrate the accessibility of EPs above the lasing threshold in coupled semiconductor nanolasers.
To investigate the role of cavity detuning and carrier-induced frequency shifts in EP formation.
To explore the nonlinear dynamics and tracking capabilities of EPs in a lasing regime.

Main Methods:

Experimental realization of coupled semiconductor nanolasers.
Operation above the lasing threshold.
Analysis of nonlinear dynamics and EP characteristics under varying pump power and detuning.

Main Results:

EP singularities were successfully accessed above the lasing threshold, behaving as branch points in a nonlinear dynamical system.
Cavity detuning was found to be essential for compensating carrier-induced frequency shifts and restoring EPs.
Pump imbalance at lasing EPs was shown to vary with total pump power, allowing for continuous tracking.

Conclusions:

Exceptional points in coupled semiconductor nanolasers possess an unstable nature above the laser threshold.
This research opens avenues for developing self-pulsing nanolaser devices and frequency combs.
The findings challenge conventional understanding of EP formation in the presence of gain and loss.