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Robust Ligature-Induced Model of Murine Periodontitis for the Evaluation of Oral Neutrophils
Published on: January 21, 2020
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The bidirectional association between diabetes and periodontitis, from basic to clinical
Takanori Shinjo1, Fusanori Nishimura1
1Section of Periodontology, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan.
The Japanese Dental Science Review
|December 15, 2023
Summary
Diabetes worsens periodontitis through inflammation and insulin resistance. Periodontitis, in turn, negatively impacts diabetes control, highlighting a critical bidirectional link. This review explores these connections and potential interventions.
Area of Science:
- Oral Health
- Endocrinology
- Metabolic Syndrome
Background:
- Diabetes mellitus is linked to increased periodontitis prevalence and severity.
- Severe periodontitis adversely affects diabetes by impairing insulin action via systemic microinflammation.
- A bidirectional relationship exists between periodontitis and diabetes, involving complex molecular mechanisms.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the impact of diabetes on periodontitis, focusing on metabolic abnormalities and insulin resistance.
- To examine the influence of periodontitis on diabetes, particularly concerning microinflammation from adipose tissue.
- To discuss future strategies for interrupting this adverse interrelationship.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of recent findings on the diabetes-periodontitis link.
- Analysis of molecular mechanisms and epidemiological data.
- Synthesis of information on metabolic and inflammatory pathways.
Main Results:
- Diabetes exacerbates periodontitis through hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia, chronic inflammation, and impaired insulin action.
- Periodontitis contributes to diabetes complications, including increased cardiovascular disease risk in specific Asian populations.
- Novel mechanisms involving insulin resistance and adipose tissue-derived microinflammation are key to understanding the relationship.
Conclusions:
- The interplay between diabetes and periodontitis is complex, involving metabolic and inflammatory pathways.
- Understanding these mechanisms is crucial for developing novel therapeutic approaches.
- Targeting the bidirectional relationship may improve outcomes for both conditions.
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