Optical and electrical characteristics of perovskite solar cells incorporating MoO₃ as an active layer

Perovskite-based solar cell technologies have sparked much interest in recent decades. A solar cell's efficiency is an essential factor in developing a highly efficient device. The power conversion efficiency (PCE) of Perovskite-based solar cells can be enhanced by adding new materials to the photon-absorbing layer and altering the electron and hole transport layers. Titanium dioxide (TiO₂) is commonly used in electron transport layers (ETLs), but it has been shown that replacing TiO₂ with molybdenum trioxide (MoO₃) improves PCE. We use the OghmaNano software to simulate a perovskite-based solar cell and investigate the PCE for TiO₂ and MoO₃ ETL layers by altering their thickness. The influence of electron and hole drift diffusion, carrier continuity equations in the position space to describe charge flow within the device, Poisson's equation, and charge carrier recombination have all been investigated in the context of solar cell simulation. It was observed that by substituting the ETL layer of TiO₂ with MoO₃ in the device, the PCE significantly increases.