Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Restarting Stalled Replication Forks02:37

Restarting Stalled Replication Forks

5.8K
DNA replication is initiated at sites containing predefined DNA sequences known as origins of replication. DNA is unwound at these sites by the minichromosome maintenance (MCM) helicase and other factors such as Cdc45 and the associated GINS complex.The unwound single strands are protected by replication protein A (RPA) until DNA polymerase starts synthesizing DNA at the 5’ end of the strand in the same direction as the replication fork. To prevent the replication fork from falling apart,...
5.8K
S-Cdk Initiates DNA Replication02:38

S-Cdk Initiates DNA Replication

4.7K
The cell cycle is a series of events leading to DNA duplication followed by the division of cell content to form two daughter cells. The cell cycle progresses in four stages—the cell increases in size (gap 1 or G1-phase), duplicates its DNA (synthesis or S-phase), prepares to divide (gap 2 or G2-phase), and divides (mitosis or M-phase).
Two states at the origin of replication
In eukaryotes, the initiation of replication occurs at many sites on the chromosomes, called the origins of...
4.7K
Translesion DNA Polymerases02:10

Translesion DNA Polymerases

10.0K
Translesion (TLS) polymerases rescue stalled DNA polymerases at sites of damaged bases by replacing the replicative polymerase and installing a nucleotide across the damaged site. Doing so, TLS allows additional time for the cell to repair the damage before resuming regular DNA replication.
TLS polymerases are found in all three domains of life - archaea, bacteria, and eukaryotes. Of the different classes of TLS polymerases, members of the Y family are fitted with specialized structures that...
10.0K
DNA Damage can Stall the Cell Cycle02:37

DNA Damage can Stall the Cell Cycle

9.2K
In response to DNA damage, cells can pause the cell cycle to assess and repair the breaks. However, the cell must check the DNA at certain critical stages during the cell cycle. If the cell cycle pauses before DNA replication, the cells will contain twice the amount of DNA. On the other hand, if cells arrest after DNA replication but before mitosis, they will contain four times the normal amount of DNA. With a host of specialized proteins at their disposal,cells must use the right protein at...
9.2K
The DNA Replication Fork01:02

The DNA Replication Fork

36.0K
An organism’s genome needs to be duplicated in an efficient and error-free manner for its growth and survival. The replication fork is a Y-shaped active region where two strands of DNA are separated and replicated continuously. The coupling of DNA unzipping and complementary strand synthesis is a characteristic feature of a replication fork.   Organisms with small circular DNA, such as E. coli, often have a single origin of replication; therefore, they have only two replication...
36.0K
Mismatch Repair01:36

Mismatch Repair

40.1K
Overview
40.1K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Single-cell spatiotemporal dissection of the human maternal-fetal interface.

Nature·2026
Same author

KMT2C and KMT2D amplify GRHL2-driven enhancer activation.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026
Same author

An autonomous system for multi-objective continuous evolution at scale.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026
Same author

Author Correction: Myocardial reprogramming by HMGN1 underlies heart defects in trisomy 21.

Nature·2026
Same author

Synergy between regulatory elements can render cohesin dispensable for distal enhancer function.

Science (New York, N.Y.)·2025
Same author

Coordinate post-transcriptional regulation by microRNAs and RNA binding proteins is critical for early embryonic cell fate decisions.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 8, 2025

Genome-wide Determination of Mammalian Replication Timing by DNA Content Measurement
08:06

Genome-wide Determination of Mammalian Replication Timing by DNA Content Measurement

Published on: January 19, 2017

8.5K

MLL3/MLL4 enzymatic activity shapes DNA replication timing.

Deniz Gökbuget1,2,3, Ryan M Boileau1,2,3,4, Kayla Lenshoek1,2,3

  • 1The Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Center for Reproductive Sciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.

Biorxiv : the Preprint Server for Biology
|December 18, 2023
PubMed
Summary

The study reveals that histone H3 lysine 4 monomethylation (H3K4me1), regulated by MLL3/4, is a key driver of DNA replication timing changes during cell differentiation. Loss of MLL3/4 function erases genome-wide replication dynamics, uncoupling it from transcription.

More Related Videos

Author Spotlight: Investigating the Motion Dynamics of the Eukaryotic Replisome Components at the Single-Molecule Level
10:11

Author Spotlight: Investigating the Motion Dynamics of the Eukaryotic Replisome Components at the Single-Molecule Level

Published on: July 26, 2024

1.1K
Chromosome Replicating Timing Combined with Fluorescent In situ Hybridization
17:14

Chromosome Replicating Timing Combined with Fluorescent In situ Hybridization

Published on: December 10, 2012

14.0K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 8, 2025

Genome-wide Determination of Mammalian Replication Timing by DNA Content Measurement
08:06

Genome-wide Determination of Mammalian Replication Timing by DNA Content Measurement

Published on: January 19, 2017

8.5K
Author Spotlight: Investigating the Motion Dynamics of the Eukaryotic Replisome Components at the Single-Molecule Level
10:11

Author Spotlight: Investigating the Motion Dynamics of the Eukaryotic Replisome Components at the Single-Molecule Level

Published on: July 26, 2024

1.1K
Chromosome Replicating Timing Combined with Fluorescent In situ Hybridization
17:14

Chromosome Replicating Timing Combined with Fluorescent In situ Hybridization

Published on: December 10, 2012

14.0K

Area of Science:

  • Genomics and Epigenetics
  • Cell Biology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Mammalian genome replication timing (RT) is cell-type-specific and linked to transcriptional activity and chromatin features.
  • The causal regulators of DNA replication timing remain largely unknown.

Approach:

  • Machine learning was used to identify chromatin features predicting DNA replication timing.
  • Analyzed steady-state RT and RT changes during embryonic stem cell differentiation.
  • Investigated the role of histone H3 lysine 4 monomethylation (H3K4me1) and MLL3/4 in regulating RT.

Key Points:

  • Approximately one-third of the genome altered its RT during differentiation.
  • MLL3/4-dependent H3K4me1 emerged as a top predictor of RT.
  • Loss of MLL3/4 function abolished genome-wide RT dynamics, independent of transcriptional changes.
  • MLL3/4 promotes replication initiation zones via MCM2 recruitment.

Conclusions:

  • MLL3/4-dependent H3K4me1 causally regulates DNA replication timing.
  • A functional link exists between the epigenome and RT, separable from transcription.
  • MLL3/4's role in chromatin regulation is crucial and relevant to associated diseases.