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Updated: Jul 8, 2025
Detection and Monitoring of Tumor Associated Circulating DNA in Patient Biofluids
Published on: June 8, 2019
[Childhood brain tumors: diagnosis and therapy - comprehensive genomic profiling]
Edit Brückner1, Gábor Bedics2, Lilla Reiniger3
1Gyermekgyógyászati Klinika, Semmelweis Egyetem, Budapest, Hungary. garami.miklos@semmelweis.hu.
Abstract:
With the advancement of molecular oncology, numerous new opportunities are available for the effective and efficient treatment of patients diagnosed with childhood brain tumors. This includes gene panel analysis aiding personalized treatment used in clinical trials, and the application of targeted therapy independent of tissue type (tumor agnostic therapy). Most personalized therapies inhibit certain kinases. In our review, we present the modern pathological diagnosis of childhood brain tumors, as well as the complex intracellular regulation of signal transduction pathways important from the point of view of clinical practice, and we describe their further targets defined on the basis of pharmacological characteristics of the pathway, based on international and our own results. Despite common mutations affecting kinases, personalized therapy is not available in many types of tumors. Through the example of childhood brain tumors, we demonstrate the expected future therapeutic significance of tyrosine kinases.
Insights
Molecular oncology offers new treatments for childhood brain tumors, including gene panels and tumor-agnostic therapies targeting kinases. Tyrosine kinases show promise for future personalized treatments in pediatric brain cancers.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric oncology
- Molecular oncology
- Cancer genomics
Background:
- Advancements in molecular oncology are expanding treatment options for childhood brain tumors.
- Personalized medicine, including gene panel analysis and tumor-agnostic therapies, is becoming increasingly important.
- Many targeted therapies focus on inhibiting specific kinases involved in cancer signaling pathways.
Approach:
- This review details modern pathological diagnosis of pediatric brain tumors.
- It explores the complex intracellular regulation of critical signal transduction pathways.
- The review discusses therapeutic targets based on pathway pharmacology, integrating international and internal findings.
Key Points:
- Gene panel analysis and tumor-agnostic therapies represent key advancements in personalized treatment for pediatric brain tumors.
- Understanding signal transduction pathways and their targets is crucial for developing effective therapies.
- Tyrosine kinases are significant targets for personalized therapeutic strategies in pediatric brain tumors.
Conclusions:
- Personalized therapy, while promising, is not yet available for all tumor types despite common kinase mutations.
- The review highlights the future therapeutic potential of tyrosine kinases using childhood brain tumors as a model.
- Continued research into molecular mechanisms and targeted therapies is essential for improving outcomes in pediatric brain cancer.
