Orthotic Devices for the Foot and Ankle

Area of Science:

• Orthopaedics
• Biomechanics
• Rehabilitation Engineering

Background:

• Millions of Americans utilize ankle-foot orthotic (AFO) devices for therapeutic purposes.
• Common reasons for AFO consultation include pain, protection, and correction of deformities.
• While evidence is limited, AFOs significantly impact physical function in musculoskeletal conditions.

Purpose of the Study:

• To categorize available orthotic device options.
• To provide evidence-based recommendations for AFOs in managing prevalent adult foot and ankle pathologies.
• To enhance orthopaedic providers' understanding of AFOs for improved patient outcomes.

Main Methods:

• Literature review and synthesis of current evidence on AFOs.
• Categorization of AFO types based on design and function.
• Development of specific AFO recommendations for conditions like flatfoot, cavovarus foot, and ankle instability.

Main Results:

• AFO devices encompass a range of off-the-shelf and custom options.
• Specific orthotic interventions are associated with improved outcomes for common foot and ankle conditions.
• Collaboration with certified orthotists is crucial for optimal device selection and application.

Conclusions:

• An updated understanding of AFOs is essential for all orthopaedic providers.
• Appropriate AFO selection and application can significantly improve patient function and achieve goals.
• Further high-quality research is needed to solidify evidence for AFO efficacy.