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Fast 19 F spectroscopic imaging with pseudo-spiral k-space sampling.

Muhammed Yildirim1,2, Xenia Kovalyk2,3, Patrick Scholtz2,3

  • 1Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Bogazici University, Istanbul, Turkey.

NMR in Biomedicine
|December 18, 2023
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Summary

A new balanced spiral spectroscopic imaging (BaSSI) sequence enables efficient, ghosting-artifact-free fluorine-19 MRI. This technique significantly improves detection sensitivity for theranostics applications, outperforming existing methods.

Keywords:
19F MRIfast MRSIfluorinepseudo-spiral k-space trajectoryspectroscopic imaging

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Area of Science:

  • Magnetic Resonance Imaging
  • Medical Physics
  • Theranostics

Background:

  • Fluorine-19 MRI (19F MRI) is crucial for theranostics, requiring high-quality imaging of fluorinated contrast agents.
  • Existing MRI techniques struggle with low signal-to-noise ratio and artifacts like chemical shift ghosting in 19F imaging.
  • Efficient and artifact-free imaging is essential for clinical viability in 19F MRI applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce and validate a novel balanced spiral spectroscopic imaging (BaSSI) sequence for 19F MRI.
  • To demonstrate BaSSI's capability for efficient, ghosting-artifact-free imaging of 19F hotspots.
  • To compare BaSSI's performance, particularly detection sensitivity, against established 19F MRI methods.

Main Methods:

  • Developed and implemented the BaSSI sequence on a 3.0T clinical scanner, utilizing an all-phase-encoded pseudo-spiral k-space trajectory.
  • Performed in silico characterization of the excitation pulse and parameter space optimization.
  • Benchmarked BaSSI against 3D ultrashort-echo-time balanced steady-state free precession (3D UTE BSSFP) using phantoms and postmortem mouse imaging, evaluating sensitivity with the Rose criterion (Rc).

Main Results:

  • BaSSI acquired 64x64 images with 1mm x 1mm voxels in 14s, outperforming typical MRSI sequences.
  • BaSSI demonstrated superior detection sensitivity compared to 3D UTE BSSFP, achieving approximately twice the Rc values.
  • Postmortem imaging successfully localized 19F hotspots in mice, with data registered to 1H anatomical images, though scan times were substantial for 3D scans.

Conclusions:

  • The BaSSI sequence is an efficient and effective tool for producing ghosting-artifact-free 19F MRI hotspot images.
  • BaSSI offers significantly improved detection sensitivity, making it a promising technique for theranostics and preclinical applications.
  • Further research into accelerated imaging techniques like compressed sensing is needed to enhance BaSSI's clinical applicability.