Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Pathophysiology of Heart Failure01:17

Pathophysiology of Heart Failure

1.6K
Heart failure (HF) is a progressive syndrome involving ventricles that leads to inadequate cardiac output. It can be classified based on location and output or ejection fraction. Ejection fraction (EF) is an essential measurement in the diagnosis and surveillance of HF. Reduced EF corresponds to systolic heart failure (HFrEF). However, HF with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is becoming increasingly prevalent. Also known as diastolic HF, this form of HF is related to aging. The...
1.6K
Imbalances in Cardiac Output01:26

Imbalances in Cardiac Output

1.4K
The heart's primary function is to pump blood throughout the body, maintaining a balance between blood sent out (cardiac output) and blood returning (venous return). If this balance is disrupted, it can result in congestive heart failure (CHF), a severe condition where the heart becomes an inefficient pump, leading to inadequate blood circulation.
CHF can occur due to the failure of either side of the heart. Left-side failure leads to pulmonary congestion—the right side continues to send...
1.4K
Heart Failure Drugs: Inhibitors of Renin-Angiotensin System01:26

Heart Failure Drugs: Inhibitors of Renin-Angiotensin System

436
The activation of the sympathetic nervous system and the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) contributes to cardiac remodeling, and inhibiting the RAAS is a pharmacological target in heart failure management. As a result, neurohumoral modulation is a crucial treatment principle for managing heart failure. This approach involves using medications like ACE inhibitors (ACEIs), angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs), β-blockers, mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists (MRAs), and neutral...
436
Heart Failure Drugs: Diuretics01:22

Heart Failure Drugs: Diuretics

394
Heart failure and kidney perfusion are interconnected in a complex way. Reduced renal perfusion and venous congestion are two significant factors that contribute to renal dysfunction in heart failure. The kidneys, primarily responsible for fluid balance in the body, are adversely affected due to compromised cardiac output and increased venous pressure. In response to reduced renal perfusion, the kidneys activate neurohumoral mechanisms to restore balance. However, these mechanisms can be...
394
Heart Failure Drugs: β-Blockers01:22

Heart Failure Drugs: β-Blockers

341
β-adrenergic antagonists, commonly known as β-blockers, block the effects of sympathetic neurotransmitters such as noradrenaline (NA) and adrenaline (ADR). They have several beneficial effects in heart failure treatment. They reduce heart rate, the force of contraction, and cardiac muscle relaxation. They also slow the atrial-ventricular conduction rate and raise the threshold for arrhythmias. The concentration of β-blockers determines their effects on bronchodilation,...
341
Heart Failure Drugs: Inotropic Agents01:26

Heart Failure Drugs: Inotropic Agents

594
Positive inotropic agents are commonly used as the first line of treatment for heart failure. One such agent is digoxin, derived from the genus Digitalis, which has been known for centuries but effectively utilized since 1785. However, these cardiac glycosides can have potentially toxic effects due to their mechanism of action, which involves inhibiting Na+/K+-ATPase and increasing contractility. Digoxin is absorbed orally and distributed in various tissues, including the CNS. It has a long...
594

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Human Leukocyte Antigen Determinants in Myocarditis and Dilated Cardiomyopathy.

Current heart failure reports·2026
Same author

Prognostic value of human serum alpha-klotho concentrations in patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction.

Clinical biochemistry·2026
Same author

Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction and Microvascular Disease Using Retinal Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography.

JACC. Heart failure·2026
Same author

<b>Gut‒heart axis: emerging therapies targeting trimethylamine</b> <b>N-oxide production</b>.

Gut microbes·2025
Same author

Evaluating Thermal Efficiency and Economic Impacts in Supplying Energy Demands for Direct Air Capture.

Environmental science & technology·2025
Same author

An ecosystem of carbon dioxide removal reviews - part 1: direct air CO<sub>2</sub> capture and storage.

Energy & environmental science·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 8, 2025

A Modified Technique for Transverse Aortic Constriction in Mice
04:52

A Modified Technique for Transverse Aortic Constriction in Mice

Published on: August 18, 2022

4.5K

Worsening heart failure: a concept in evolution.

Max Puthenpura1, Jennifer Wilcox2, W H Wilson Tang2,3

  • 1Department of Internal Medicine.

Current Opinion in Cardiology
|December 20, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Worsening heart failure (WHF) is a dynamic process in heart failure (HF) requiring a unique definition. Research should focus on WHF as a distinct endpoint to improve patient care and outcomes.

More Related Videos

A Model of Cardiac Remodeling Through Constriction of the Abdominal Aorta in Rats
07:31

A Model of Cardiac Remodeling Through Constriction of the Abdominal Aorta in Rats

Published on: December 2, 2016

10.0K
Tachycardia-Induced Cardiomyopathy As a Chronic Heart Failure Model in Swine
10:08

Tachycardia-Induced Cardiomyopathy As a Chronic Heart Failure Model in Swine

Published on: February 17, 2018

13.5K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 8, 2025

A Modified Technique for Transverse Aortic Constriction in Mice
04:52

A Modified Technique for Transverse Aortic Constriction in Mice

Published on: August 18, 2022

4.5K
A Model of Cardiac Remodeling Through Constriction of the Abdominal Aorta in Rats
07:31

A Model of Cardiac Remodeling Through Constriction of the Abdominal Aorta in Rats

Published on: December 2, 2016

10.0K
Tachycardia-Induced Cardiomyopathy As a Chronic Heart Failure Model in Swine
10:08

Tachycardia-Induced Cardiomyopathy As a Chronic Heart Failure Model in Swine

Published on: February 17, 2018

13.5K

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Clinical Medicine
  • Translational Research

Background:

  • Worsening heart failure (WHF) is increasingly recognized as a distinct clinical entity within the broader spectrum of heart failure (HF).
  • Understanding WHF as a dynamic process is crucial for managing patients with advanced cardiovascular disease.
  • Current literature lacks a universally agreed-upon definition for WHF, hindering consistent research and clinical application.

Approach:

  • This review synthesizes current knowledge on WHF, examining its definition, clinical implications, and research potential.
  • It explores the multifaceted origins of WHF, including treatment side effects, comorbidities, and disease progression.
  • The review discusses the rationale for considering WHF as a discrete scientific endpoint.

Key Points:

  • WHF can stem from various factors, such as adverse effects of therapies, coexisting medical conditions, or the natural progression of heart failure.
  • Development of risk stratification scores, analogous to those used in HF, is proposed for WHF.
  • WHF represents a critical juncture in HF management, signaling the need for intensified or altered therapeutic strategies.

Conclusions:

  • WHF is an emerging concept in heart failure research, necessitating a unique definition and focus.
  • Recognizing WHF as a clinical marker of HF evolution aids in identifying patients requiring tailored interventions.
  • Future research should prioritize patient-centric outcome measures to better address the complexities of WHF.