Self-Assembled Nanobiomaterials for Combination Immunotherapy

Area of Science:

• Biomedical Engineering
• Nanotechnology
• Immunology

Background:

• Cancer immunotherapy harnesses the immune system to fight cancer.
• Traditional nanomedicines face challenges in safety and targeted delivery.
• Self-assembled nanobiomaterials offer tunable properties for enhanced therapeutic outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review self-assembled nanobiomaterials for cancer immunotherapy.
• To explore their potential in activating systemic immune responses.
• To discuss strategies for converting immunosuppressive tumors into immune-active microenvironments.

Main Methods:

• Review of self-assembled nanobiomaterials including polymers, lipids, peptides, hydrogels, MOFs, and COFs.
• Analysis of their mechanisms for activating immunogenic cell death.
• Discussion of combinatorial immunotherapeutic strategies.

Main Results:

• Self-assembled nanobiomaterials demonstrate potential for controlled drug delivery and phototherapy.
• These materials can effectively activate systemic immune responses.
• They show promise in transforming "cold" tumors into "hot" tumors rich in antitumor immune cells.

Conclusions:

• Self-assembled nanobiomaterials represent a promising platform for advanced cancer immunotherapy.
• Their ability to modulate the tumor microenvironment is key to their efficacy.
• Clinical translation requires addressing associated challenges.